基于行为改变理论的干预模式对PCI术后患者自我管理行为和健康素养的影响

目的探讨基于行为改变理论(BCW)的干预模式对PCI术后患者自我管理行为和健康素养的影响,为临床干预提供依据。方法采用目的抽样法,选取2019年3月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院心内科接受PCI术的患者85例为对照组,2019年4月接受PCI术的患者69例为试验组。对照组患者采用心内科常规健康指导,试验组患者采用基于BCW理论制定的干预模式。采用冠心病自我管理量表、慢性病患者健康素养量表比较干预效果。结果PCI术后3个月,试验组患者疾病医学管理、日常生活管理得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者情绪管理得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3个月,试验组患者交流互动能力、改善健康意愿、经济支持意愿得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者信息获取能力得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论基于BCW理论的干预能够提高PCI术后患者的自我管理行为和健康素养水平。

Effect of intervention model based on BCW theory on self-management behavior and health literacy of patients after PCI

Objective To explore the effect of intervention model based on Behavior Change Wheel(BCW)theory on self-management behavior and health literacy of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),and provide evidence for clinical intervention.Methods The 85 patients who underwent PCI in the Department of Cardiology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University in March 2019 were selected as the control group,and the 69 patients who underwent PCI in April 2019 were included in the experimental group by purposive sampling method.The patients in the control group received routine health guidance in cardiology,while the patients in the experimental group received the intervention model based on BCW theory.The effects of intervention were compared using the Self-Management Scale for Coronary Heart Disease and the Health Literacy Scale for Chronic Patients.Results The scores of disease medical management and daily life management in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group 3 months after PCI(P<0.05).The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistical significance difference in emotional management score between the two groups(P>0.05).Three months after the operation,the patients in the experimental group had higher communication and interaction ability,improved health willingness,and economic support willingness scores than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the information acquisition ability score between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions BCW-based intervention can improve self-management behavior and health literacy in patients after PCI.