1984至2002年山东省消灭丝虫病后丝虫病的监测分析

目的监测山东省消灭丝虫病后丝虫病的流行情况。方法系统阐述了1984～2002年丝虫病的监测结果。横向监测，采取病原学、媒介学、血清学、流动人口监测、晚期病人调查等方法。纵向监测，根据不同的地理方位及原丝虫病流行区发病率的高低，在全省各地共选择5个县5个乡（镇）18个行政村进行固定监测。结果横向监测，在全省74个流行县（市、区）共调查502个乡（镇）1345个自然村，血检954467人，检出微丝蚴阳性者30例，阳性率为0．003％；媒介调查，共解剖淡色库蚊378816只，检出阳性蚊虫161只，自然感染率为0．04％；血清学调查，间接免疫荧光法（IFA）检测10667人次，丝虫抗体阳性者148例，阳性率为1．39％，接近非流行区人群水平；流动人口监测，在45个县（市、区）335个乡4473个村庄共血检36559人，检出微丝蚴阳性者147例，阳性率为0．40％。纵向监测显示，累计检出微丝蚴阳性者59例，全部在3～6年内自然转阴，蚊媒自然感染率为0．04％，并呈逐年下降趋势。结论监测结果表明，各项指标均达到卫生部颁布的消灭丝虫病的标准。

Surveillance and Analysis of Filariasis in 1984-2002 After Elimination of Filariasis in Shandong Province

Objective To investigate and supervise the prevalence of filariasis after its elimination in Shangdong province. Methods From 1984 to 2002, Cross-sectional survey: survey of activity of permanent residents and mobile population, of mosquito vectors, of serum in human population, and of terminal patients were carried out. Longitudinal survey: according to different sites and the former incidence in these areas with the prevalence of filariasis, 5 towns and 5 countries and 18 administrative villages were chosen to be under a fixed surveillance. Results Cross-sectional survey, 502 towns and 1 345 villages were surveyed in 74 counties across the province, 30 microfilarial positives cases of 954 467 people were found, and the positive rate is 0.003%; During the survey of vectors, 378 816 Culex pipiens were dissected, 161 positive mosquitoes were detected, the infection rate is 0.04%; In the survey of serology, 10 667 cases were tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA), those with positive filarial antibody were 148, the positive rate was 1.39%, which was quite near to the level of that in non-prevalent areas; In the survey of mobile population, 36 559 people were tested in 4 473 villages of 355 towns of 45 county, 147 microfilarial positives were detected and the infection rate was 0.40%. The longitudinal survey showed that 59 microfilarial positives are detected in total, and all turn negative automatically within 3-6 years. The average infection rate of mosquitoes was 0.04%, and reduced year by year. 3 066 cases were tested by IFA, and with the positives 108, the average positive rate is 3.52%. Conclusion The results showed that all the indexes related to filariasis have come to the criterion of the elimination of filariasis issued by the ministry of health.