基于视觉信息处理的视觉假体研究与设计

由各种视网膜病变导致的视觉丧失已经成为影响人类生活质量最为严重的疾病之一。而随着信息科学、微电子技术、材料科学和生物医学等学科的迅猛发展与交叉,视觉假体的研究使由于视网膜色素变性(retinitis pig-mentosa)、老年性黄斑病变(age-related macular degeneration)以及其它一些眼球、视网膜、视神经和视觉皮层病变与损伤所造成失明情况下的视觉修复成为可能。随着技术的革新,视觉假体在未来发展的最大障碍已不再是假体的设计加工和手术技术,而是如何在假体与大脑之间进行有效信息传递。然而由于人类视觉系统复杂的结构,给视觉假体的制造以及视觉信息电信号映射带来困难。于是,我们将基于有限像素点模拟假体视觉信息,研究图像信息和微电极阵列刺激设计安装策略,通过对视觉假体的视觉信息处理研究,提出了一套基于生物、机械、电子一体化的视觉假体设计方案。

Research on and Design of Visual Prosthesis Based on Visual Information Processing

Induced by a variety of retinopathy,visual loss has become the most serious form of disability,which influences the quality of human life.With the rapid development and crossing among the information science,microelectronics,material science and biomedical disciplines,the visual prosthesis makes reparation possible for the visual blindness caused by retinitis pigmentosa,age-related macular degeneration,and other eye,retina,optic nerve and visual cortex lesions.With technology innovation,the prosthesis design,manufacturing and surgical technique are no longer the biggest obstacles to the future development of the visual prosthesis,but how to construct effective transmission of information between the brain and the prosthesis.However,due to the complex structure of the human visual system,the visual prosthesis manufacturing and visual information signal mapping are facing some difficulties.Thus,we can only study the representation strategy of image information and micro-electrode array stimulation basing on limited pixels of simulated prosthesis visual information.By studying the visual information processing of the visual prosthesis,we propose a visual prosthesis design which is based on biological,mechanical,and electronic integration.