吸毒者社会支持、认知和心理压力相关性研究

目的:调查了解吸毒者社会支持、认知和心理压力状况,探讨它们之间的关系,为心理干预提供依据。方法:采用中文版知觉心理压力量表(CPSS)、功能失调性态度问卷(DAS)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对100例吸毒者(研究组)和100例相匹配的正常健康人群(对照组)进行评定比较,分析其相关性。结果:(1)研究组CPSS总分为25.63±s 6.45,明显高于对照组CPSS总分(19.75±s 5.16),差异具有统计学意义(t=7.12,P<0.001);(2)研究组DAS总分为149.33±s 25.58,明显高于对照组DAS总分(127.32±s 21.26),差异具有统计学意义(t=6.62,P<0.001);(3)研究组SSRS评分为29.63±s 4.95,明显低于对照组SSRS评分(38.28±s 6.58),差异具有统计学意义(t=8.27,P<0.001);(4)社会支持与认知模式和心理压力存在高度负相关(r=0.259-0.348,P<0.01)。结论:吸毒者心理压力较大,存在不同程度的认知歪曲,社会支持水平低。心理压力和认知与社会支持具有相关性。提高吸毒者的社会支持水平是改变认知歪曲,减轻心理压力的有效方法。

STUDY ON THE CORRELATION OF SOCIAL SUPPORT, COGNITION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PRESSURE OF DRUG ADDICTS

Objective:To understand the correlation of social support,cognition and psychological pressure of drug addicts,and provide basis for clinical psychological intervention.Methods:An evaluation was conducted among 100 drug addicts(study group)and 100 healthy individuals(control group) with Chinese Perceived Stress Scale(CPSS),Dysfunctional Attitudes Scales(DAS)and Social Supporting Rating Scale(SSRS),the relation of which was analyzed and compared.Results:(1) the score of CPSS(25.63±s 6.45)in the study group was higher than the score(19.75±s 5.16) in the control group(t=7.12,P<0.001);(2)the score of DAS(149.33±s 25.58)in the study group was higher than the score(127.32±s 21.26)in the control group(t=6.62,P<0.001);(3) the score of SSRS(31.32±s 5.25)in the study group was lower than the score(38.28±s 6.58)in the control group(t=8.27,P<0.001);(4)There was high negative correlation between social support and psychological pressure and cognition(r=0.259-0.348,P<0.01).Conclusion:Drug addicts have heavy psychological pressure with various degrees of cognition distortion,and their social support is low.There is correlation among social support,cognition and psychological pressure.Improving social support level of drug addicts is an effective method to change their cognition distortion,and relieve their psychological pressure.