不伴腺样体肥大婴幼儿分泌性中耳炎的病因分析

目的探讨不伴腺样体肥大婴幼儿分泌性中耳炎的发病原因。方法回顾分析2000—2012年解放军总医院耳鼻喉头颈外科住院收治23例（36耳）6岁婴幼儿分泌性中耳炎（排除腺样体肥大）的临床资料。结果23例（36耳）中伴有鼻窦炎者6例（26．1％），5例发病前有急性上感病史（21．7％），伴有乳突气化不良者3例（13．0％），伴有外耳、中耳畸形者3例（13．0％），伴原发性纤毛运动障碍1例（4．3％），5例未发现明显解剖结构异常或相关病灶存在。5例患儿分泌性中耳炎发作≥2次。结论婴幼儿分泌性中耳炎常见病因为腺样体肥大、上呼吸道感染、鼻窦炎，原发性纤毛运动障碍值得注意。

Causes of secretory otitis media in infants without adenoid hypertrophy

Objective To study the causes of secretory otitis media （SOM） in infants without adenoid hypertrophy. Methods Clinical data about 23 infants （36 ears） with SOM （adenoid hypertrophy was excluded） admitted to our department from 2000 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of the 23 infants, 6 （26.1%） were diagnosed with nasal sinusitis, 5 （21.7%） were found with a history of acute upper respiratory tract infection before SOM, 3 （13.0%） were diagnosed with bad mastoid pneumatization and congenital malformation of the external and middle ear, 1 （4.3%） with primary ciliary dyskinesia, 5 （21.7%） were found to have no clear abnormal structure and other lesions, and 5 （21.7%） were diagnosed with recurrent SOM. Conclusion The common causes of SOM in infants are adenoid hypertrophy, acute upper respiratory tract infection, nasal sinusitis and primary ciliary dyskinesia.