骨髓间充质干细胞生物学特性及其在组织修复中的应用

学术背景：骨髓间充质干细胞是具有多向分化能力的非造血多能干细胞，是细胞工程及基因治疗理想的靶细胞。目的：综述骨髓间充质干细胞的生物学特性及其在组织修复中应用的研究进展。检索策略：应用计算机检索PubMed 1997—01／2007—07期间相关文章，检索词为“mesenchymal stem cells，bone marrow，biological characterization，mesenchymal stemcells．bone marrow，tissue engineering”，并限定文章语言种类为English，同时检索中国期刊全文数据库2001—01／2007-03期间相关文章，检索词为“骨髓间充质干细胞，组织工程”。对资料进行初审，并查看每篇文献后的引文。纳入标准：文章所述内容应与骨髓问充质干细胞的生物学特性及其在组织修复中应用的研究进展相关。排除标准：重复研究或Meta分析类文章。共收集到313篇相关文献，26篇文献符合纳入标准，排除的287篇为内容陈旧或重复文献。文献评价：从检索到的313篇文献中选择符合要求的相关文献26篇。符合纳入标准的26篇文献中，12篇涉及骨髓间充质干细胞的生物学特性，14篇涉及在组织修复中的研究进展。资料综合：骨髓间充质干细胞主要存在于骨髓、软骨膜、骨膜、骨骼肌、骨小梁中，以骨髓组织中含量最为丰富。骨髓间充质干细胞具有多向分化潜能，在特定的条件下能向多种细胞系分化，具有向损伤局部集中的趋化性及“局部专一诱导性分化”、免疫调节、支持造血等生物学特性，目前已广泛应用于骨和软骨、心脏、皮肤、神经系统等多种组织修复的实验及临床研究，展现出良好的应用前景。结论：随着对骨髓间充质干细胞研究、认识的深入，其在组织修复领域将有着广阔的临床应用前景。

Biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells and its application in tissue repair

BACKGROUND： Mesenchymal stem cells are non-hematopoietic multi-potent stem-like cells that are capable of differentiating into both mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal lineages, these cells are ideal seeding cells in cell and gene engineering.
OBJECTIVE： To summarize the biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells and literatures about mesenchymal stem cells application in the field of tissue repair.
RETRIEVAL STRATEGY： Related articles on Pubmed for January 1997 to July 2007 were searched with the key words of ＂mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow, biological characterization＂ and ＂mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow, tissue engineering＂ in English. Simultaneously, related articles in China Journal Full-text Database between January 2001 and March 2007 were retrieved with the key words ＂bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, tissue engineering＂ in Chinese. The data were selected primarily, and then quotations of each article were checked. Inclusive criterion： the articles related to the biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells and the articles about the application of mesenchymal stem cells in the field of tissue repair were selected. Exclusive criteria： the articles with repetitive research or Meta analysis were excluded. 313 relevant articles were selected and 26 of them met the inclusive criterion. The 287 excluded articles were of old or repetitive content.
LITERATURE EVALUATION： Of the 26 inclusive articles, 12 were on the biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells, and 14 were about application of mesenchymal stem cells in the field of tissue repair.
DATA SYNTHESIS： Mesenchymal stem cells reside within the stromal compartment of bone marrow, cartilage membrane, bone membrane, skeletal muscle and trabecular bone and are rich in bone marrow. Mesenchymal stem cells have multiple differentiating potential and can differentiate into multiple lineages under suitable conditions. Mesenchymal stem cells are capable of specific migration to a site of injury an