Percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy

Summary Percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy is a procedure for inserting a tracheal cannula without a large incision, without extensive dissection of pretracheal tissue, and without exposure of the trachea. The early complications of the technique are usually minor and late complications are rare. Although it is a simple procedure, it is not a minor operation. Users must be familiar with the technique, the indications and contra-indications for the procedure, as well as the complications. These are described. Proper training of the operation and knowledge of the procedure will avoid unnecessary complications. Percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy is a relatively new technique for inserting a cannula in the tracheal lumen. It can be done at the patients bedside with only minimal complications. A short history, the indications and contraindications, the early and late complications of the technique, and comparisons with other techniques as well as with conventional open tracheotomy are reviewed. Received: 30 July 1997 Accepted: 10 November 1997