肾移植受者新发泌尿及男性生殖系统恶性肿瘤的生存分析

目的 探讨肾移植受者发生泌尿及男性生殖系统恶性肿瘤的预后. 方法 分析31例肾移植术后新发泌尿及男性生殖系统恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料,肾癌(原肾)6例,肾盂输尿管癌(原肾)4例,膀胱癌14例,前列腺癌7例.并与31例年龄相同、肿瘤分期相同的普通泌尿及男性生殖系统恶性肿瘤患者生存率行Cox风险分析,分析年龄、性别、移植年代、移植至诊断肿瘤时间、肿瘤病理分期、肿瘤诊断时移植肾功能、有无接受放化疗等辅助肿瘤治疗、有无抗淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白诱导治疗以及不同种类的基础免疫抑制剂等因素对肾移植受者泌尿及男性生殖系统恶性肿瘤生存率的影响. 结果 与普通人群相比,肾移植受者5年存活率明显降低(50%与68%),差异有统计学意义(P=0.02).多因素分析表明肿瘤分期、接受放化疗等辅助治疗及年龄是影响患者生存的不利因素,而外科手术和肿瘤发病时移植肾功能正常则是保护性因素. 结论 与普通人群相比,移植受者发生泌尿及男性生殖系统恶性肿瘤的生存率明显降低.

De Novo urinary and male genital cancers in kidney transplant recipients

Objective To explore the outcomes of kidney transplant recipients who developed urinary and male genital cancers after transplantation. Methods Data of 31 kidney transplant recipients developed de novo urinary and male genital cancer were compared with data of 31 patients in general population with the same age and same tumor stage. Results Compared with the general population, the overall survival was significantly worse in the transplant recipients (P=0. 02) , 5-year survival rates for each group were 50% vs 68%. Multivariate analyses demonstrated cancer stage to be a negative risk factor for survival for transplant recipients with de novo urinary and male genital cancer, and surgery and functioning graft to be the positive survival predictors. Conclusions Transplant recipients experience worse outcomes than the general population from urinary and male genital cancers. Cancers in transplant recipients are more biologically aggressive at the time of diagnosis.