大学生亚健康量表编制及评价

目的初步编制大学生亚健康量表,评价其信度和效度。方法在中国人亚健康状态评估表的基础上,辅以文献资料分析法、访谈法和问卷调查法初步确定大学生亚健康量表的理论结构,运用项目分析、探索性因素分析、主成分分析和信效度检验方法对扬州大学分层整群抽取的1 389名1～4年级在校本科生的亚健康状态进行了分析,验证该问卷理论结构的合理性。结果通过项目分析、探索性因素分析和主成分分析,确定大学生亚健康问卷由躯体领域、心理领域和社会适应领域3个领域的亚健康表现组成;其中躯体领域包括机体失调、免疫失调、疼痛、便秘、疲劳、消化、代谢失调和睡眠8个因子33个条目,累积方差贡献率为60.156%;心理领域包括抑郁焦虑和注意力2个因子13个条目,累积方差贡献率为52.241%;社会适应领域包括满意度和压力2个因子8个条目,累积方差贡献率为53.903%;验证性因素分析结果表明,3个分量表和总量表拟合指标χ²=38.21～760.93,df=19～467,χ²/df=1.707～2.823,TLI=0.900～0.955、CFI=0.910～0.966、RMSEA=0.047～0.075、SRMS=0.42～0.55,该量表数据拟合较好;3个分量表和总量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.819～0.864,重测信度为0.763～0.928;12个因子的Cronbach'sα系数为0.835～0.855,稳定系数分别为0.697～0.843;各分量表与总量表的相关系数分别为0.944、0.859、0.642(均P<0.001),该问卷具有较好的信度和效度。结论初步完成大学生亚健康量表的编制,且验证性分析证明该量表具有较好的信度和效度。

Establishment and evaluation of Chinese University Students Sub-Health Scale

ObjectiveTo establish a Chinese University Students Sub-Health Scale and to evaluate of its reliability and validity.MethodsThe university students'sub-health was defined first based on the Chinese Sub-Health Scale-2 and supplemented by literature analysis,interview and questionnaire survey.And then there were 1 389 students of Yangzhou University taking part in the test to validate the rationality of the scale with item analysis,exploratory factor analysis,and principal component analysis.ResultsAfter a pilot testing,a 54-item scale was constructed.The scale includes physical,sychological,and social adaptation domains.The physical domain includes 8 dimensions and 33 terms such as physical disorder,immune disorder,pain,constipation,fatigue,gastrointestinal disorder,metabolic disorder,and sleep quality.Psychological domain is composed of 2 dimensions and 13 terms such as depression and anxiety.Social adaptation domain includes 2 dimensions and 13 terms such as satisfaction and stress.The cumulative variance contribution rates were 60.156%,52.241%,and 53.903% for the 3 domains.The confirmatory factor analysis found that the χ² values of goodness-of-fit-test of 3 sub-scale and total scale were from 38.21 to 760.93,with the df of from 19 to 467,χ²/df of from 1.707 to 2.823,Tucker-Lewis index of from 0.900 to 0.955,confirmatory fix index of from 0.910 to 0.966,root mean square error of approximation of from 0.047 to 0.075,and spectral root mean square from 0.42 to 0.55,respectively.The Cronbach coefficients were from 0.819 to 0.864 and the test-retest reliabilities were from 0.763 to 0.928.The reliability coefficients of 12 dimensions were from 0.697 to 0.843.The correlation coefficients of 3 sub-scale and total scale were 0.944,0.859,and 0.642(P<0.001).The results show that the University Students Sub-Health Scale has a good construction validity.ConclusionThe Univeristy Students Sub-Health Scale was established and the confirmatory analyses demonstrated that the scale was good in reliability and validity.