马勃的化学成分研究进展及其在创面修复中的应用

马勃Lasiosphaera Calvatia属于真菌类中药，具有消肿、止血、解毒等功效，常以粉末形式外治创伤出血。古籍记载及现代临床发现马勃具有治疗慢性难愈性创面的功效，为深入研究马勃治疗慢性难愈性创面的活性物质基础和药理作用及机制，作者对近年来国内外有关脱皮马勃Lasiosphaera fenzlii Reich.、大马勃Calvatia gigantea(Batsch ex Pers.)Lloyd和紫色马勃Calvatia lilacina(Mont.et Berk.)Lloyd的报道进行综述，整理出超过100种化学成分，包括甾体类化合物、蛋白质及多肽、氨基酸、脂肪酸及酯、糖类及挥发性成分等。马勃具有止血、抗氧化、抑菌、降血糖、促进细胞增殖等药理作用，通过调控创面微环境，促进增殖期进程，恢复慢性难愈性创面愈合。同时提出马勃在药材应用中存在的问题及解决方法，展望马勃在创面修复治疗的应用前景，以期为马勃资源在临床创伤治疗领域的合理开发提供理论依据。 

The Chemical Constituents and Application Prospects on Wound Healing of Lasiosphaera Seu Calvatia

Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia belongs to fungal traditional Chinese medicine, which has the effects of detumescence, hemostasis and detoxification, and is often used to treat traumatic bleeding in the form of powder. Ancient books and modern clinical records have found that Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia has the effect of treating chronic refractory wounds. Aiming to investigate the active material basis, pharmacological action and mechanism of Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia in the treatment of chronic refractory wounds in the present articals, the authors reviewed the recent reports on peeling Lasiosphaera fenzlii Reich., Calvatia gigantea (Batsch ex Pers.) Lloyd and Calvatia lilacina (Mont.et Berk.) Lloyd at home and abroad, and sorted out more than 100 types of chemical constituents, including steroids, proteins and peptides, amino acids, fatty acids and esters, sugars and volatile components, etc.The main pharmacological effects are reported for hemostasis, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, bacteriostasis, hypoglycemia, promoting cell proliferation and etc. By regulating wound microenvironment, promoting the process of cell proliferation, restoring chronic refractory wound healing, Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia is expected to be used as medicinal materials and utilized in wound repair treatment, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the rational development and utilization of Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia resources in the field of clinical trauma treatment.