左心房与双心房射频消融治疗心房纤颤的对比研究

目的 对比研究左心房和双心房射频消融治疗心房纤颤的临床疗效.方法 对北京安贞医院305例房颤患者进行射频消融,160例行双心房消融,另145例行左心房消融.其中男117例、女188例,年龄24～77岁,平均(53±10)岁.房颤病史平均(36±43)个月.瓣膜手术292例,14例合并冠状动脉旁路移植术.随访3～42个月,平均(28±5)个月.结果 手术死亡13例(4.3%),其中3例死于低心排综合征,7例死于多器官功能衰竭,1例死于左室破裂,1例死于猝死,1例死于心律失常.随访双心房组有3例死亡,1例死于脑出血,1例死于心功能不全,1例死因不详.全组术后窦性心律占73.1%(223/305),其中双心房组66.9%(107/160);左心房组80.0%(116/145)(P<0.05).最近随访的窦性心律维持率为80.8%,左心房组为81.9%,双心房组为80.0%(P>0.05).随访两组之间非房颤心律比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.33).术前左心房径线≥80 mm是房颤复发的风险因素.结论 左心房和双心房消融都是安全、有效的治疗房颤的外科方法 .如果手术不需要切开右心房或对于重症患者,单独左心房消融是一个合理的选择.

Left versus bi-atrial radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of atrial fibrillation

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of radiofrequency modified maze operation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) and compare the results of the left versus bi-atrial procedures. Methods 305 patients of organic heart disease combined with AF, 117 males and 188 females, aged (53 ± 10), that underwent cardiac valve operation (n = 293) and/or coronary artery bypass graft surgery (n = 14), received concomitant atrial fibrillation, hi-atrial (n = 160) or left atrial (n = 145) with a mean duration of (36±43) months. Follow-up was conducted for (28±5)(3-42) months. Results Thirteen patients (4.3%) died postoperatively:7 died of muhisystem and organ failure, 3 of low cardiac output, 1 of rupture of left ventricle, 1 of arrhythmia, and 1 of sudden death. During the follow-up, 1 patient died of heart failure, 1 of encephalorrhagia and 1 of unknown reason in the bi-atrial group. At the end of the procedure 223 patients (73.1%) had sinus rhythm, with a sinus rhythm rate of 66.9% (107/160) in the hi-atrial group, significant lower than that in the left atrial group (80.0%, 116/145, P<0.05). At late follow-up, 215 of the 266 patients (80.8%) were in stable sinus rhythm. Sinus rhythm rate of the bi-atrial group was 80.0%, not significantly different from that of the left atrial group (81.9% ,P>0.05). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed there was no significant difference in the AF rhythm rate between these 2 groups (P = 0.33). Logistic regression analysis showed that the left atrial diameter of ≥ 80 mm was an independent predictor of AF recurrence. Conclusion Both the left and bi-atrial procedures are successful in terms of restoring sinus rhythm. Left atrial ablation in severe cases and where the incision of right atrium is nut needed is a reasonable choice.