存活10年以上并长期服用环孢素A的肾移植受者的临床研究

目的 研究肾移植后1年时血环孢素A(CsA)浓度对存活超过10年的肾移植受者的影响.方法 以肾移植后存活10年以上、移植肾有功能、长期服用CsA并规律随访的380例肾移植受者为对象,380例肾移植后均采用以CsA为主的免疫抑制方案.根据肾移植术后1年时血CsA浓度将受者分为5组:组1的血CsA浓度＞0.208μmol/L(1μmol/L=1201.9 μg/L);组2的血CsA浓度为0.166～0.208μmol/L;组3的血CsA浓度为0.125～0.166μmol/L;组4的血CsA浓度为0.083～0.125 μmol/L;组5的血CsA浓度＜0.083 μmol/L.分析各组术后1年、5年和10年时的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、血肌酐(SCr)、尿酸(UA)、胆固醇(CH)、三酰甘油、丙氨酸转氨酶、直接胆红素(DBil)和胆红素总量(TBil)、白蛋白(Alb)、Hb、WBC和有无蛋白尿.结果 术后5年时,组1和组2的SBP明显高于组3、组4和组5(P＜0.05);组5的UA明显低于其他4组(P＜0.05),而Alb明显高于其他4组(P＜0.05);组4和组5的尿蛋白阳性率明显低于其他3组.术后10年时,除个别组的SBP、DBP、DBil、TBil和CH外,各组间其他指标的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).无论是术后5年还是10年,各组间SCr的差异均无统计学意义.结论 肾移植后1年时血CsA浓度对移植肾的远期(10年)功能影响不大,但血CsA浓度较高者(＞0.166μmol/L),肾移植后5年、10年时高血压发生率、高尿酸发生率和尿蛋白阳性率较高.

A clikical study on kidney transplantation patients with a survival time over 10 years and long-term administration of cyclosporine

Objective To investigate the effect of cyclosporine blood level at first year after kidney transplantation on patients with a survival time over 10 years. Methods 380 patients with functional allograft, a survival time over 10 years and long-term administration of cyclosporine A (CsA) were studied, and received CsA-based treatments. According to the blood CsA level at the first year after kidney transplantation, patients were divided into five groups: group 1, blood CsA level was above 0. 208 μmol/L (1 μmol/L = 1201.9 μg/L), group 2, blood CsA level between 0. 166-0. 208μmol/L; group 3, blood CsA blood level between 0. 125-0. 166 μmol/L; group 4, blood CsA blood level between 0. 083-0. 125 μmol/L; group 5, blood CsA level less than 0. 083 μmol/L. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum creatinine(SCr), uric acid (UA), cholesterol (CH), triglyceride (TG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), direct bilirubin (DBil) and total bilibubin (TBil), albumin (Alb), hemoglobin (Hb), count of white blood cells and positive rate of proteinuria in 5 groups at the 1st, 5th and 10th year after kidney transplantation were analyzed. Results At the 5th year SBP in groups 1 and 2 was higher than in groups 3, 4 and 5. UA level in group 5 was lower than other groups, and Alb level in group 5 was higher than other 4 groups. Proteinuria positive rate in groups 4 and group was lower than other groups. At the 10th year after kidney transplantation,indexes among 5 groups had no statistically significant difference, except for SBP, DBP, DBil and CH in some groups. There was also no significant difference in SCr level among 5 groups at the 5th or 10th year after transplantation. Conclusion Blood CsA levels at the first year after kidney transplantation has no significant effect on long-term allograft function. But higher level of CsA (＞0. 166μmol/L) at the first year maybe predict high rate of hypertension, high blood UA and proteinuria at the 5th and 10th year after transplantation.