谷氨酸对大鼠海马兴奋毒性作用的形态学研究

目的：为明确谷氨酸对神经细胞有兴奋性和毒性作用。方法：选用具有较多N－甲基D－天门冬氨酸（NMDA）受体的海马作为研究对象,选用SD大鼠,给予L－谷氨酸钠盐（MSG）皮下注射,在不同的时间内观察大鼠的表现和其海马神经细胞受损的形态学的改变。结果：发现大鼠的早期行为表现较为兴奋,而后随时间的延长表现为迟钝。在光镜和电镜下,神经细胞早期为水肿,后期为水肿明显和细胞器的破坏直至细胞的因缩,损伤主要表现在CA1区。结论：提示边缘系统的海马结构易受谷氨酸的影响,同时也表明了谷氨酸对神经细胞的兴奋毒性作用,可为临床药物和食物添加剂的运用提供一定的依据。

MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE EXCITOTOXIC EFFECT OF GLUTAMATE ON RAT HIPPOCAMPUS

Objective: To understand the excitotoxic effect of glutamate on the neurons. Methods: SD rats were used to study its response and the hippocampus micromorphology after treated with monosdium L-glutamate(MSG) subcutaneously. Results: It showed that the rats were excited at the early stage and were sluggish at late stage. The morphology (under the light and electron microscopies) showed that the neurons of hippocampus being observed had swollen cytoplasm slightly at early stage, edematous changes were obviously and pyknotic nuclei of neurons were observed at the late stage in the CA1 range. Conculsion: The structure of hippocampus is influenced by Glutamate has an exicitotoxic effect on neurons. It may provide scientific basis for pharmacology and food additives.