身材矮小儿童病因分析

目的:探讨身材矮小儿童的常见病因。方法:回顾性分析2003年5年以来该院门诊就诊的身材矮小儿童584例。男204例,女380例。通过详尽病史采集,体格检查,实验室检查诊断矮小,明确病因。应用SPSS软件,采用t检验比较各组矮小儿童组内男女之间年龄差异。结果:矮小患者584例中,生长激素缺乏症187例(占32.02%),甲状腺功能减低152例(占26.03%)、染色体疾病48例(8.22%)、家族性矮小32例(占5.48%)、特发性矮小26例(占4.45%),多种垂体激素缺乏症22例(3.77%)、体质性青春发育期延迟患者20例(占3.42%),其余分别为宫内发育迟缓12例(占2.05%)、性早熟10例(1.71%);不同病因矮小儿童组内男女之间确诊年龄比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在矮小患者生长激素缺乏症、甲状腺功能减低及染色体疾病占主要比例,对矮小患儿应收集详尽的病史,进行完善的体格检查和实验室检查,利于早期发现不同病因矮小患者,提高诊断治疗水平。

Etiological analysis on children with short stature

Objective:To explore the common etiologies of children with short stature.Methods:584 children with short stature visiting outpatient department of the hospital in the recent five years were analyzed retrospectively,including 204 boys and 380 girls;they were diagnosed by detailed medical history collection,physical examination and laboratory examination;SPSS software was used in the study;the age difference between boys and girls in each short stature group was compared by t test.Results:Among 584 children with short stature,187 children (32.02%),152 children (26.03%),48 children (8.22%),32 children (5.48%),26 children (4.45%),22 children (3.77%),20 children (3.42%),12 children (2.05%),10 children (1.71%) were diagnosed as growth hormone deficiency,hypothyroidism,chromosomal diseases,familial short stature,idiopathic short stature,multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies syndrome,constitutional delay of growth and puberty,intrauterine growth retardation and precocious puberty,respectively;there was no significant difference in confirmed diagnosis age between boys and girls in each short stature groups with different etiologies (P > 0.05).Conclusion:Among the children with short stature,growth hormone deficiency,hypothyroidism and chromosomal diseases are the most common etiologies,detailed medical history collection,physical examination and laboratory examination are helpful to diagnose children with short stature early and improve the level of diagnosis and treatment.