807例青春期女性的初潮现况调查

目的:了解福州市区青春期女性的初潮现状以及围经期常见异常情况。方法:于2009年4月在福州市一所职业中等专科学校进行807名女生月经初潮年龄与相应情况调查,回顾性填写初潮年龄和目前围经期身心状况。结果:初潮平均年龄为(13.9±1.0)岁,月经不规则占12.4%,经前期紧张占6.8%,痛经占53.4%,月经过少或过多占12.3%;情绪变化占36.2%,以烦燥、易怒或抑郁为主。15.7%有男朋友,0.7%有性行为,但初次性行为发生在15岁者有2人。结论:从小学四年级起对城区女生进行性生理、性心理和经期保健知识健康教育是合适的,并在初中阶段把可能出现的各种异常月经情况和相关的因素等知识告知女生,使其有一定的心理准备,增长防病知识与学会满足自身求医需要。15~16岁时应进一步为学生提供围经期保健知识,并告知意外妊娠的危害和防范意外妊娠的相关知识。

Investigation on menophania status of 807 female adolescents

Objective:To understand the menophania status and common abnormal conditions during perimenstruation of female adolescents in urban areas of Fuzhou.Methods:The age of menophania and corresponding conditions of 807 female adolescents from a middle vocational college in Fuzhou on April 2009 were surveyed;the age of menophania and psychosomatic condition during perimenstruation were filled in retrospectively.Results:The average age of menophania was(13.9±1.0) years,the proportions of irregular menstruation,premenstrual tension,dysmenorrhea,hypomenorrhea or hypermenorrhea were 12.4%,6.8%,53.4% and 12.3%,respectively;the proportion of emotion change was 36.2%,the main types were anxiety,angry and depression;15.7% of the female adolescents had boy friends,0.7% of them had sexual behavior,but 2 female adolescents had first sexual behavior at 15 years.Conclusion:Carrying out sexual physiology,sexual psychology and health education during menstruation for female students in urban areas from grade 4 are appropriate,the possible abnormal menstruation conditions and corresponding factors should be informed them at junior middle school to make them have psychological preparation,increase disease prevention and satisfy their demand;health care knowledge during perimenstruation should be further provided to students at 15~16 years,harm of unwanted pregnancy and related knowledge of preventing unwanted pregnancy should be informed them.