四所托儿所婴幼儿铁营养状况调查研究

对四所托儿所245名6～30月龄婴幼儿进行了铁营养状况及缺铁性贫血(IDA)主要影响因素调查研究。IDA患病率为33.9％,无贮铁者为71.0％。卡方检验表明:出生6个月内由母乳喂养婴儿中,产后母亲食欲差、母亲奶量不足与小儿缺铁有显著性关系(p<0.01,p<0.05)。逐步回归分析结果提示:肉、禽类食物、豆制品、水果、蔬菜摄入量与血红蛋白(Hb)或血清铁(SF)浓度呈显著性正相关关系;母亲产后怀孕、婴幼儿曾患IDA与SF浓度呈显著性负相关关系。喂养方式、月龄、添加辅食时间与种类、生长发育加速对铁需要量增加,均可影响到婴幼儿IDA患病率。

INVESTIGATION OF IRON NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN INFANTS FROM FOUR NURSERIES

A survey was carried out in four nurseries in Shanghai to determine the prevalence and etiology of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among 254 infants, 139 boys and 128 girls aged 6 to 30 months. A across-sectional and dietary survey, anthropometric and hematological measurements were carried out on each subject. The hemoglobin (Hb) concentration was determined by the eyanmethemoglobin method of finger stick capillary blood. Serum ferritin (SF) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. The data were statistically computed by Chi-square or step wise regression analysis.High prevalence (33.9%) of a relatively mild degree of IDA was found among all age groups, but especially among young infants. Depleted iron stores occurred in 71.0% of the subjects.Ohi-square tests showed that postpartum maternal anorexia and milk deficiency during lactation were significantly associated with iron deficiency in nursing infants. The results of stepwiSe regression suggest that the factors positively associated with Hb or SF level include intake of meats, poultry, soybean products, fruits and vegetables; the factors negatively associated with SF level include infant's anemia before investigation and repeat pregnancy of mother soon after delivery.