三硝基甲苯损伤眼晶体影响因素的分析

本文调查了156名三硝基甲苯(TNT)作业工人的眼晶体损伤情况,并分析了影响TNT损伤眼晶体的有关因素。在最高容许浓度以下的作业工人,晶体损伤检出率为18.84％,在最高容许浓度以上的作业工人,晶损检出率为26.44％,两者差异显著(p<0.01);工龄与晶损检出率呈密切正相关(r=0.99,p<0.01);TNT皮肤污染量小于每人每天20mg和大于每人每天20mg,其晶损检出率不同并有显著差别(p<0.01);尿TNT代谢产物排出量小于20mg/1和大于20mg/1,其晶损检出率分别为34.62％和42.86％,两者差别明显(p<0.01)。尿TNT代谢产物排出量作为生物学监测指标,反映TNT慢性损伤是合理的。据此认为:进一步降低空气中TNT浓度,限制皮肤污染,缩短TNT接触工龄是防止TNT损伤眼晶体的重要措施。

Analysis of the Affecting Factors of the Crystalline Lens Injuries Caused by TNT

The injurious conditions of crystalline lens were examined for 156 workers exposed to trinitrotoluene(TNT) and the affecting factors to injury caused by TNT were analysed. The injurious rates were closely related to the length of service and in workers exposed to TNT over the MAC(26.44%) the incidence was significantly higher than that of lower MAC(18.84%). In workers with skin exposed to TNT over 20mg/day. man the incidence was significantly djfferent with those less 20mg/day. man. In the metabolites of TNT excreted from urine over 20mg/l were significantly higher than less 20mg/l(42.86% and 34.62% respectively).