三峡库区重庆段移民区肾综合征出血热宿主和自然疫源地的调查

目的：了解三峡库区重庆段移民区宿主动物携带肾综合征出血热病毒状况和自然疫源地类型，为库区移民卫生防病工作提供依据。方法：进行现场流行病学调查（含流行病学资料，啮齿类生态和病原检测）。应用直接免疫荧光和原位杂交技术分别检测宿主HFRSV-Ag和HFRSV-RNA。结果：在5个移民区宿主带毒率分别为19.4%、17.0%、14.0%、13.7%和8.5%。原位核酸分子杂交检测证实，5个移民区宿主动物均存在HFRSV-RNA。结论：该研究证实这5个移民区为HFRS的自然疫源地，三峡库区成库后水位提升，鼠类将大量迁移，可能造成HFRS暴发或流行，加强和移民区灭鼠与防鼠工作十分必要。

Epidemiological investigation of host and focus of natural infection on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in migration areas of the Yangtze River Three-Gorge Reservoir Chongqing region

Objective To ascertain the natural infection rate of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus (HFRSV) among its hosts and the type of the natural foci for providing some baseline data for the immigrant health and epidemic prevention of the Three-Gorge region. Methods Epidemiological survey on the field was performed including epidemiological data collection, ecology of rodents and pathogen detection. HFRS virus antigen of hosts were detected by the direct immunofluorescent assay (DIFA) technique and determination of HFRSV-RNA by ISH were carried out from HFRSV-Ag-positive animals. Results HFRSV-Ag-positive animals were found in 5 migration areas ie Baitao Town of Fuling Section, Wansheng Village of Fengjie County and Dachang Town of Wushan County. The positive hosts were as follows, Rattus Norvegicus, Apodemus agrarius, Anourusurex squamipes, Mus musculus and Rattus flavipectus. The positive rate of HFRSV in the mice of 5 migration areas were 19.4%, 17.0%, 14.0%, 13.7%, and 8.5% respectively. The results showed that the lung tissues of some hosts in all five migration areas were HFRSV-RNA-positive. Baitao Town and Peishi Town were attributed to mixture type epidemic areas while. Kangle Town, Wansheng Village and Dachang Town were domestic rats type epidemic areas. Conclusion This study shows that the five migration areas are natural epidemic foci of HFRS. It is predicted that maximum risk of HFRS breakout or epidemic may take place after the completion of the San Xia Reservoir(the Three-Gorges Reservoir), which results from rodent moving toward higher land. Therefore, deratization and preventive measures for rat are important in migration areas.