苦参、山豆根生物碱及其总碱的抑菌活性研究

目的: 通过研究苦参、山豆根中生物碱及其总碱的体外抑菌活性,探讨苦参碱类化合物抑菌活性与结构之间的相关性。方法: 采用牛津杯法,菌株37 ℃恒温培养24 h,检测苦参、山豆根中生物碱对7种菌株(金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、产碱假单胞菌、恶臭假单胞菌、肺炎链球菌、甲型溶血性链球菌、乙型溶血性链球菌)的抑制作用。结果: 苦参、山豆根中生物碱对7种菌株均有抑制作用,其中氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱的抗菌作用较弱,槐定碱对甲型溶血性链球菌、乙型溶血性链球菌抗菌作用显著,抑菌圈分别达到(2.60±0.10),(2.53±0.15)cm。苦参总碱、山豆根总碱对乙型溶血性链球菌的抑菌圈分别为(2.43±0.21),(1.77±0.05)cm。结论: 苦参、山豆根中生物碱的结构与抑菌活性有一定的联系,苦参、山豆根中生物碱可作为天然抗菌成分加以开发和利用。

Study on Antimicrobial Activity of Alkaloids in Sophora flavescens and S. tonkinensis

Objective:By studying the alkaloids of Sophora flavescens and Sophora tonkinensis in vitro antibacterial activity,the relationship between the antibacterial activity and structure was examined.Method: Using Oxford cup method,strains had been cultured for 24 hours at a constant temperature of 37 ℃,the antimicrobial effect of alkaloids in S.flavescens and S.tonkinensis was studied in vitro against seven strains(Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,P.alcaligenes,P.putida,Streptococcus pneumoniae,α-hemolytic streptococcus,β-hemolytic streptococcus).Result: The experimental results indicated the alkaloids in S.flavescens and S.tonkinensis showed the good inhibiting effect for seven strains,antibacterial activities of oxymatrine and oxysophocarpine were weak in vitro antibacterial activities of sophoridine showed remarkable effect for α-hemolytic streptococcus and β-hemolytic streptococcus,the inhibition zones by sophoridine were(2.60±0.10),(2.53±0.15) cm to α-hemolytic streptococcus and β-hemolytic streptococcus respectively.The inhibition zones by total matrine and total alkaloids in Tonkin sophora root were(2.43±0.21),(1.77±0.05)cm to β-hemolytic streptococcus respectively.Conclusion: It is concluded that there is some relationship between antibacterial activity and structure of alkaloids in S.flavescens and S.tonkinensis.Alkaloids as a natural antimicrobial components can be developed and utilized.