医学高知识社区高血压患者血压控制达标状况及影响因素分析

目的:了解医学高知识社区高血压患者目前血压的控制达标状况,分析其影响因素. 方法:对2005-08至2008-08间在北京大学医学部医院就诊的481例高血压患者进行问卷调查.高血压诊断标准按2005年<中国高血压防治指南>:收缩压≥140 mmHg(1 mmHg:0.133 kPa)和(或)舒张压≥90 mmHg. 结果:在资料完整的458例患者中,血压控制达标者202例,控制率44.1%.其中,60岁以上、不吸烟、高学历者以及大学教师、干部、职员和医护技师的血压控制率均较高(P<0.05～0.01);合并症(包括糖尿病和肥胖)患者血压控制率较低(P<0.01).多因素分析结果表明:年龄、吸烟、是否患糖尿病及治疗前血压水平对血压控制影响显著(P<0.05). 结论:尽管医学高知识社区高血压控制率高于一般社区,但仍远不理想.社区高血压防治除增加医学知识的宣传和普及之外尚需其他创新手段.

Analysis of Blood Pressure Control Rate and its Risk Factors of Hypertension Patients in a Community of Medical Senior Intellectuals

Objective:To estimate the current status in prevention and control of hypertension in a predominantly senior intellectuals living community and to analyze the associated factors. Methods: A total of 481 hypertension patients from August 2005 to August 2008 in our hospital were investigated. According to Chinese Hypertension Clinical Guideline 2005, hypertension was defined as systolic pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥90 mmHg. Results: 458 patients with complete information were analyzed,among them,202 subjects had well controlled blood pressure (BP) and the control rate was 44.1%. Patients over 60 years old,non-smokers, teachers,officers,and health care professionals had the higher BP control rate ( P < 0.05 ) while those with co-morbidities including diabetes and obesity had poor BP control rate (P<0.01). Logistic regression indicated that age,diabetes and baseline BP level made significant influence for BP control rate (P<0.05). Conclusion: Community patients with healthy life style had better BP control rate,while the clinical complications made the management more difficult. It was important to educate the patients and to correct the unhealthy life style for the effective management of BP in patients with hypertension.