许旺细胞植入去细胞异体神经修复大鼠面神经缺损

目的 观察体外分离、培养的许旺细胞对去细胞异体神经修复面神经长距离缺损的促进作用. 方法 30只大鼠随机分成A组、B组和c组(每组10只),制成而神经缺损12 mm模型,分别以去细胞异体神经联合许旺细胞、去细胞异体神经和自体神经移植修复.术后5个月分别行神经电生理、再生神经形态及数量等检测. 结果 A组神经肌肉动作电位的波幅恢复率(术侧/健侧)为(35.8±2.5)%,潜伏期恢复率(健侧/术侧)为(65.8±2.9)%;神经移植段再生轴突数为(1 570±188)个,髓鞘厚度为(0.383±0.031)μm.A组的各项指标优于B组(P<0.05),与C组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05). 结论 许旺细胞植入去细胞异体神经可促进面神经长距离缺损的修复.

Repair of facial nerve defects by using acellular nerve allografts implanted with Schwann cells in rats

Objective To observe the effects of in vitro isolated Schwann cells co-cultured with chemically acellular nerve allografts on improving repair of large facial nerve defects. Methods A total of 30 Wistar rats were equally randomized into three groups, ie, experimental group, allograft group and autograft group. Nerve defect of 12 mm in length was made in the left inferior buccal branch of facial nerve and repaired with acellular nerve allograft implanted with Schwann cells, acellular nerve allograft and fresh tibial nerve autograft respectively. At the 5th month postoperatively, the function and morpholo-gy of the regenerated nerves were observed by electrophysiological method, methylene blue staining and transmission electron microscope. Results In experimental group, the recovery rate (operation side/normal side) of amplitude of nerve-muscle action potential was (35.8±2.5)%, the lantency recovery rate (normal side/operation side) (65.8±2.9)%, the number of the regenerated axon 1 570±188 and the myelin thickness (0.383±0.031) μm. The results in the experimental group were significantly supe-rior to those in the acellular nerve allograft group (P < 0.05), with similar results to fresh nerve autograft group (P > 0.05). Conclusion Transplantation of Schwarm cells in acellular nerve allograft can im-prove repair of large facial nerve defects.