杭州市大中小学生健康素质现状及趋势分析

目的分析杭州市大中小学生健康素质特征及变化趋势,为学校持续开展健康素质教育提供依据。方法采取5级评分制设计学生自测健康素质问卷和分层随机整群抽样方法,对杭州市城乡17所学校共2837名大中小学生进行问卷调查。结果大中小学生健康素质平均得分为（67.55±9.30）分;女生高于男生,非独生子女高于独生子女,城镇学生高于农村学生,小学生高于大中学生（均P〈0.05）,大学生与中学生健康素质无差异（P〉0.05）;不同年级学生健康素质预测模型为Y健康素质=-0.0165x^3＋0.5009x^2-4.6308x＋77.324,R^2=0.89。结论相对不同阶段学生应具备的健康素质而言,小学生健康素质最好,中学生最差。中学教育应积极开展健康素质教育;大学教育应弥补中学生健康素质教育薄弱环节。

The status quo of the health quality and the trends of health development of students of all levels of education in Hangzhou

Objective To understand the status quo of the health quality and the trends of health development students of all levels of schools in Hangzhou city so as to scientific theory for the practice of health education in the schools. Method 2939 students from 17 schools in Hangzhou city, ranging from primary schools to colleges, were chosen as a sample group with the stratified random cluster sampling Method. The Student Health Quality Questionnaire was utilized to conduct the survey. Findings The mean score of self-rated health quality was 67.55 ± 9.30. Health quality of the female students was significantly higher than male students （66.31 ± 8.88 ） （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The health quality of the non-only-child group was significantly higher than the only-child group （P 〈 0.05）. The health quality of urban students higher than that of rural students（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Students from different grades of health quality prediction model was y = -0. 0165x^3 ＋ 0. 5009x^2 - 4. 6308x ＋77. 324,R2 =0.89. Conclusion Given the differences among the students in the stages of physical and mental health development, the health quality of primary school students was found to be relatively the best. That of the secondary school students was found to be the poorest. Therefore, the practice of health education for secondary schools should be strengthened, and in light of the status quo, the tertiary schools should accordingly develop make-up health education programs for improving students＇ physical and psychological health.