合肥市农村已婚育龄妇女乳腺疾病筛查及相关因素探讨

目的探讨合肥市农村已婚育龄妇女乳腺疾病的患病率及其影响因素,为有针对性地开展乳腺疾病防治工作提供基础数据。方法分层、整群抽取15～49岁3 300名农村已婚育龄妇女,采用先集中和后入户的调查方式进行乳腺疾病相关问卷调查和乳房检查。乳腺疾病普查包括临床体检和乳腺红外线检查。结果合肥市农村已婚育龄妇女乳腺疾病的患病率为16.3%,所患乳腺疾病分别为乳腺增生、纤维腺瘤、乳腺癌,其患病率分别为:16.0%、0.2%、0.1%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示农村已婚妇女及其丈夫的年龄、学历、丈夫的职业、生育次数为影响因素。结论合肥市农村已婚育龄妇女乳腺疾病发生率较高,且受多种因素影响。应坚持定期防癌普查,加强乳腺疾病的二级预防;积极治疗乳腺增生症,减少癌前病变。

Screening of breast diseases and analysis on its related factors among the rural married women at reproductive age in the rural communities of Hefei city

Objective To discuss the prevalence and its related factors of breast diseases in women at reproductive age in the rural areas of Anhui province,and to provide basic data for conducting breast diseases prevention and healthcare.Methods A total of 3300 rural fertile women aged 15-49 were surveyed by a stratified-cluster-random sampling method and breast examination was conducted in two steps: converging at the clinics,and then visiting their households.The examination of breast diseases included clinical examination and X-red scanning check.Results The rate of the breast diseases among the rural fertile women was 16.3%,and the first three breast diseases were galactophore hyperplasia,fibroadenoma and breast cancer,the prevalence of which was 16.0%,0.2% and 0.1% respectively.The results of Logistic regression showed women and their husbands’ age,education,husbands’ job occupation,and the total number of deliveries were risk factors.Conclusion The breast diseases are prevalent among the rural fertile women,which is affected by multi-factors.We should insist on the examination of prevention of cancer at regular intervals,intensify second-class prevention of breast cancer,and cure galactophore hyperplasia actively and early to reduce precancerous pathological changes.