扬州地区婴儿智能发育状况及其影响因素

目的分析扬州地区婴儿智能发育及其影响因素,为促进婴儿早期智能发育提供理论依据。方法对2010年至扬州市妇幼保健院儿保科接受健康检查的1 222例婴儿进行发育筛查试验(Develpmental Screening Test,DST)。设计调查问卷,收集婴儿的一般家庭资料及其胎儿期、出生时、出生后的健康状况。通过χ2检验、logistic回归分析等统计方法,分析婴儿发育状况及其影响因素。结果①调查中发现婴儿发育异常和可疑率分别为6.0%和29.5%;运动、社会适应及智力能区发育落后比例分别为48.0%、35.8%和26.1%,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。②单因素和多因素分析发现,对婴儿智能发育影响有统计学意义的变量为新生儿期患病、母孕期患病及婴儿月龄,OR值分别为3.000、1.925和1.379。结论扬州地区婴儿智能发育状况一般,运动发育落后明显。婴儿在新生儿期患病与其母孕期患病是影响其智能发育的最重要因素。

Infants mental development and its influncing factors in Yangzhou

[Objective]To analyze infants’ mental development and its influencing factors in Yangzhou,and provide a theoretical basis for promoting the infants’s early mental development.[Methods]A total of 1222 infants who received physical examination in Yangzhou Maternal and Child Care Service Center were recruited for Developmental Screening Test(DST).Questionnaire was designed to collect information about infants’ family and its health data at fetal,birth,and postnatal periods.Chi-square test,logistic regression analysis and other statistical methods were used to analyze the data on infants’ mental development and its influencing factors.[Results]① The survey found that 6.0% and 29.5% infants were abnormal and suspicious in DST;retardation ratio were 48.0%,35.8% and 26.1% in sports,social adjustment and mental development,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).② By univariate and multivariate analysis,3 variables impact on the infants’ mental development,including "whether the infant was illness in the postnatal periods","whether the mother got illness during pregnancy" and " the infant’ s age" with statistically significant(P<0.001).The OR values were 3.000,1.925 and 1.379,respectively.[Conclusion]The Infants’ mental development is at a general level in Yangzhou with significantly retardation in sports ability.Illness in the postnatal and pregnancy periods are the most important factors that impact on the infants’ mental development.