老年病人腹部手术并发症特征的分析

目的：探讨老年病人腹部手术并发症特征和预防措施。方法：回顾性分析对我院1994～2002年间发生腹部手术并发症的85例老年病人的术后并发症的种类、原因及后果。结果：术后并发症：消化道外瘘15例；胃肠道机械性梗阻6例；术后出血8例；腹腔感染及脓肿3例；切口并发症21例；肺部并发症21例；心功不全，心衰9例；下肢深静脉血栓5例；胃瘫4例；粒性白血球缺乏症1例。l5例并发症存在技术性原因；40例并发症如果措施加强，可能避免；38例并发症是意外出现。后果导致28例病人死亡。结论：老年病人腹部手术后易发生并发症，死亡率高，应注意术前、术中、术后的预防措施，同时建议在较大医院各个外科，成立老年病的手术组，以强化专门性。

Analysis of Complications of Abdominal Operations in Elderly Patients

Objective: To study the features and the prevention of complications of abdominal operations in elderly patients. Methods: Retrospective analyses of 85 elderly patients with postoperative complications were used. Results: Postoperative complications happened: fistulas of alimentary tract in 15 patients; mechanical gastrointestinal obstruction in 6; postoperative hemorrhage in 8; infection or abscess of peritoneal cavity in 3; wound complications in 21; respiratory complications in 21; cardiac failure in 9; deep vein thrombosis in 5; gastroparesis in 4; agranulocytosis in 1. In fifteen cases of complications existed technical reasons; in forty cases complications may be avoided if improved measures; and in thirty eight cases complications happened unexpected. The complications resulted in twenty eight patients of death. Conclusion:Postoperative complications are easy to happen in elderly patients and should be cautiously prevented. It is suggested that operation teams for elderly patients are necessary to be founded in larger hospital.