女性2型糖尿病患者绝经年龄及其相关因素研究

目的 研究2型糖尿病（T2DM）女性患者绝经年龄的变化,并探讨其可能的影响因素.方法 采用问卷形式对郑州市区及其周边≥40岁女性人群进行随机调查,共计986人,其中356名无糖尿病女性为正常对照组（NC）、143例于绝经前诊断的T2DM患者为A1组及487例绝经后诊断的T2DM患者为A2组.问卷内容包括家族人员构成、既往病史、服药史、吸烟饮酒史、体力活动、睡眠时间、情绪、月经生育史、哺乳时间等.组间比较采用t检验或t ＇检验,采用多元逐步回归模型分析各种因素对绝经年龄的影响.结果 A1组绝经年龄明显高于NC组[分别为（51±3）比（49±4）岁,t=-5.776,P＜0.05];A2组绝经年龄与NC组差异无统计学意义[分别为（49±4）比（49±4）岁,t=0.481,P＞0.05].多元逐步回归分析结果提示绝经年龄受多种因素的影响,是否患T2DM对一般人群绝经年龄影响最大（偏回归系数=0.339,P＜0.05）,糖尿病病程对绝经前患病的T2DM患者绝经年龄影响最大（偏回归系数=0.442,P＜0.05）.结论 女性T2DM患者绝经年龄延迟,其绝经年龄与糖尿病病程呈正相关.

Analysis of menopause age and the possible influencing factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus woman

Objective To study the change of menopause age in type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM） woman and the possible influencing factors.Methods A random study of residents aged 40 years and over in Zhengzhou city and the surrounding areas was performed by the from of questionnaire.The questionnaire included family composition,past medical history,medication history,smoking and drinking history,physical activity,sleep,mood,menstrual and reproductive history,nursing time and so on.Total of 986 cases of menopause women were contained in this study：356 cases of non-diabetes women as normal control group （NC）,143 cases of premenopausal diagnosed T2DM women as A1 group （A1） and 487 postmenopausal diagnosed T2DM women as A2 group（A2）.The comparison between groups was conducted by using t test or t＇test.Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to evaluate the effect of every indicators on menopause age.Results The menopause age of A 1 group is （51 ± 3） years old which was significantly higher than that of NC group （t =-5.776,P ＜ 0.05）.And it had no difference between A2 group （49 ± 4） and NC group （49 ± 4） （t =0.481,P ＞ 0.05）.The result of multivariate stepwise regression analysis indicated that menopause age was affected by a variety of factors.T2DM was the most important influence factor of menopause age in the general population as the duration of diabetes was the most important influence factor of menopause age in T2DM woman （P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusion The menopause age of T2DM woman was delayed,which was positively related to the duration of diabetes.