Clearance of the eustachian tube under negative middle ear pressure |
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| Authors: | Masahiko Hayashi M.D. Haruo Takahashi M.D. Hiroaki Sato M.D. Iwao Honjo M.D. |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Urology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands;2. Pelvic Care Centre Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands;3. School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands;1. Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;2. Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA;3. Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy;4. Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York–Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA;5. Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York–Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA;6. Department of Neurosciences, Brain and Mind Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York–Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA;1. Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan;2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan;3. Division of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan;4. Molecular Dynamics Imaging Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan;1. Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy;2. Center of Excellence, World Allergy Organization, Naples, Italy;3. Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy;4. Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy;5. Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Immunology, Clinical Pathology and Infectious Diseases, AOU Federico II, Naples, Italy;1. Department of Otolaryngology, Kochi University, Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan;2. Department of Otolaryngology, Takanoko Hospital, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan;3. Department of Otolaryngology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan |
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| Abstract: | The influence of negative middle ear pressure on clearance function of the eustachian tube was examined in cats. In experiment 1, mucociliary clearance of a colored fluid through the eustachian tube was examined under negative middle ear pressure. The results showed that negative pressure affects mucociliary clearance only at quite high levels. In experiment 2, muscular clearance of fluid under negative middle ear pressure was investigated during electrical stimulation of the tensor veli palatini muscle. It was found that massive discharge of fluid by the muscle activity occurs only when the negative middle ear pressure was low. For massive discharge of effusion, muscular clearance is more effective than ciliary clearance. The findings suggest that it is clinically important to maintain middle ear ventilation. |
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