乳腺小肿块的诊断、鉴别诊断及误诊原因分析

目的探讨乳腺小肿块高频超声图像的异同点,对照病理结果,提高超声对乳腺小肿块的诊断和鉴别诊断.方法取112例乳腺小肿块患者的高频超声声像图与病理结果对照分析.结果超声诊断均为纤维化,病理诊断间质纤维化1例,间质胶原化7例,囊肿21例,乳腺导管扩张17例,瘤样病变15例,单纯性小叶增生14例,囊性增生症12例(其中1例伴大汗腺化生),硬化性乳腺病9例,纤维腺瘤形成趋势9例,脂肪瘤6例,浸润性导管癌1例.本组诊断符合8例,符合率7.14%.结论高频超声在乳腺小肿块诊断中须抓住细小的特征性表现,以提高诊断符合率.

The diagnosis, differential diagnosis and misdiagnosis of breast small tumour

Objective To discuss the similarity and difference of high frequency ultrasonography image for breast small tumour. In comprison with the pathological result, it may promote the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ultrasonography for breast small tumour. Methods Using high frequency ultrasonography images with their pathologcal results, this study selected 112 patients suffer from breast small tumour,and made the analysis. Results It was found that all were fibrosis through the ultrasonic diagnosis. The result of pathology diagnosis:1 case is mesenchymal fibrosis and 7 cases were mesenchymal collagenosis,21 cases were cyst, 17 cases were mammary duct ectasia,15 cases were tumour-like lesion, 14 cases were simple lobular hyperplasia,12 cases were cystic hyperplasia ( including 1 case was metaplasia of sweat gland ) ,9 cases were sclerosing mastopathy, 9 cases were fibroadenoma forming trendency, 6 cases were fat tumour, 1 case was infiltrating vessel cancer. The diagnosis of this group accords only 8 cases, the accuracy rate is 7. 14%. Conclusion The high frequency ultrasonic diagnosis for the breast small tumour must grasp delicate characteristic behavior to improve diagnostic accuracy rate.