肾移植术后肺部并发症125例临床分析

目的：探讨肾移植术后肺部并发症的临床特征，为防治肺部并发症提供依据。方法回顾性分析重庆医科大学附属第一医院收治的125例肾移植受者的临床资料，总结分析术后肺部并发症的发生率、发病时间、病因或高危因素、治疗和转归等情况。结果共23例患者发生了肺部并发症，发生率为18．4％。分别为肺部感染22例（17．6％），胸腔积液12例（9．6％），肺水肿7例（5．6％），呼吸道出血4例（3．2％），急性肺部移植物抗宿主反应1例（0．8％），肺不张1例（0．8％）。结论肺部感染、胸腔积液、肺水肿是肾移植术后相对常见的肺部并发症，发生肺部感染及肺水肿的患者预后较差。

Pulmonary complications observed in 125 patients with renal transplantation

Objective To investigate the clinical feature on pulmonary complications after renal transplantation,in order to provide the evidence of prevention and treatment of pulmonary complications.Methods The clinical data of 125 renal transplant re-cipients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from December 2006 to December 2011 were studied retro-spectively.To analyze and summarize the clinical characteristics of postoperative pulmonary complications including the incidence, the time of onset,etiology or risk factors,treatment,outcome,et al.Results Twenty-three patients(18.4%)developed pulmonary complications after renal transplantation.The most frequent complication was pulmonary infection(n = 22,17.6%),followed by pleural effusion(n=12,9.6%),pulmonary edema(n= 7,5.6%),respiratory tract bleeding(n=4,3.2%),acute lung graft versus host reaction(n=1,0.8%)and atelectasis(n= 1,0.8%).Conclusion Pulmonary infection,pleural effusion and pulmonary edema are common pulmonary complications after renal transplantation.Patients who develop pulmonary infection and pulmonary edema have a poor prognosis.