天然药物中生物碱类成分抗肿瘤活性

天然药物中生物碱成分具有高效、低毒的抗肿瘤作用特点,生物碱还具有镇痛、缓解痉挛、抗菌、消除炎症、降血压、平喘、抗肿瘤等功效。目前已多种生物碱类抗肿瘤新药用于临床,目前具有抗肿瘤功效的生物碱主要有以下几大类:异喹啉类生物碱、吲哚类生物碱、吡啶类生物碱、喹喏里西啶类生物碱、萜类、有机胺类等。常见的生物碱主要有原小檗碱、喜树碱、长春碱、苦参碱、龙葵总碱、槐定碱类、一叶裻碱、巴豆碱、玫瑰树碱、秋水仙碱、三尖杉酯碱等。生物碱的抗肿瘤机制存在多样性,包括直接诱导癌细胞凋亡或者作用癌细胞内酶影响其活性及影响癌细胞生长周期等多个方面。

Research progress of the anti-tumor effect of alkaloids of natural medicine

The alkaloid constituents of natural drugs have characteristics of anti tumor effect of high efficiency and low toxicity. Alkaloids also have effects of analgesia,relieving spasm,eliminating inflammation,lowering blood pressure,anti-asthma and anti-tumor. At present,there are many alkaloids antitumor drugs used in clinic. Alkaloids with anti-tumor effect are mainly in the following categories： isoquinoline alkaloids,indole alkaloids,pyridine alkaloids,quinolizidine alkaloids,terpenes and organic amines. Common alkaloids are berberine,camptothecin,Changchun alkali,total alkaloids,matrine,sophoridine,securinine,Croton alkaloids,ellipticine,colchicine,three harringtonine etc. The antitumor mechanism of alkaloids are diverse,including direct induction apoptosis of cancer cells or the effect of cancer cell enzymes on its activity and cancer cell growth cycle etc.