2008—2011年上海市5岁儿童患龋情况调查报告

目的:调查2008—2011年上海市5岁儿童患龋状况,为分析评价儿童口腔健康状况和服务水平提供依据。方法:采用等容量随机抽样方法,从每个区县随机抽取1所幼儿园5岁儿童(男女各半),2008、2009年各950名,2010、2011年各900名,检测患龋率、龋均、龋失补充填构成比、SiC指数。应用SPSS13.0软件包进行独立样本t检验、方差分析和χ2检验。结果:2008-2011年5岁儿童患龋率分别为63.47%、64.00%、64.89%和64.44%,龋均分别为2.96、2.99、3.23和3.09,SiC指数分别为7.10、7.20、7.74和7.37,龋失补充填构成比分别为10.93%、12.76%、16.96%和20.63%。患龋率及龋均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),龋失补充填构成比逐年提高(P<0.01),SiC指数是龋均的2倍多。各年间的患龋率及龋均市区均低于郊区(P<0.01),龋失补充填构成比市区显著高于郊区(P<0.01),乳牙龋集中发生在1/3儿童中。结论:上海市5岁儿童乳牙患龋率、龋均指数变化不大,龋失补充填构成比逐年上升,应采取更为积极的措施,控制儿童龋高危人群,进一步改善儿童口腔健康水平。

Analysis of caries status among 5-year-old children in Shanghai from 2008 to 2011

PURPOSE: To analyze the status of 5-year-old children’s oral caries in Shanghai from 2008 to 2011,and to provide information to evaluate oral health status and improve service level.METHODS: By using equal-sized randomly sampling method,this survey was carried out on the caries status of randomly selected 950 children aged 5 years in Shanghai respectively in 2008 and 2009,and 900 children respectively in 2010 and 2011.The data of prevalence of dental caries,dmft,caries filling constituent ratio and SiC index were collected.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0 software package by means of independent-samples t test,one way ANOVA and Chi-square test.RESULTS: From 2008 to 2011,the prevalence of deciduous tooth caries among 5-year-old children was 63.47%,64.00%,64.89% and 64.44%,respectively.The mean dmft score was 2.96,2.99,3.23 and 3.09,respectively.The caries filling ratio was 10.93%,12.76%,16.96% and 20.63%,respectively.The SiC index was 7.10,7.20,7.74 and 7.37,respectively.The prevalence of caries and mean dmft showed no significant difference in four years(P>0.05),and the caries filling constituent ratio was remarkably increased(P<0.01).The SiC index was two times higher than dmft.Each year the prevalence of deciduous tooth caries and mean dmft in urban areas were lower than in suburban areas(P<0.01),but the children came from urban areas showed significant higher filling rate than those from suburban areas(P<0.01).Deciduous tooth caries were concentrated in one-third of children.CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of deciduous tooth caries and dmft of 5-year-old children in Shanghai changed little,and the caries filling constituent ratio has increased year by year.To promote children’s oral health further,we still need to take more active preventive measures for high caries risk group.