甲醛和三氯乙烯联合染毒对小鼠肾脏的氧化损伤作用

［目的］ 探究甲醛和三氯乙烯联合染毒对小鼠肾脏的氧化损伤作用。 ［方法］ 共108 只清洁级昆明种小鼠，按3×3 析因设计随机平均分为9 组：对照组（清洁空气）、甲醛低（1 mg/m3）、甲醛高（5 mg/m3）、三氯乙烯低（1 000 mg/m3）、三氯乙烯高（5 000 mg/m3）、甲醛低＋ 三氯乙烯低（1 mg/m3＋1 000 mg/m3）、甲醛低＋ 三氯乙烯高（1 mg/m3＋5 000 mg/m3）、甲醛高＋ 三氯乙烯低（5 mg/m3＋1 000 mg/m3）、甲醛高＋ 三氯乙烯高（5 mg/m3＋5 000 mg/m3）剂量组，每组12 只，雌雄各半。采用静式吸入染毒，每天2 h，连续14 d。染毒结束后测定肾组织总抗氧化能力（total antioxidant capacity，T-AOC）、还原型谷胱甘肽（glutathione，GSH）、总超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）和丙二醛（malondialdehyde，MDA）含量。［结果］ 小鼠肾组织T-AOC、SOD和GSH随染毒剂量升高而明显降低，MDA含量则明显上升，差异均有统计学意义（P 〈0.05）。其中，联合染毒对雌性小鼠T-AOC的影响存在一定交互作用，具有统计学意义（P 〈 0.05），其他各指标的交互作用并不显著。 ［结论］ 甲醛和三氯乙烯吸入染毒对小鼠肾脏均具有氧化损伤作用，二者联合可能存在一定的交互作用。

Renal Oxidative Damage Induced by Joint Exposure to Formaldehyde and Trichloroethylene in Mice

Objective] To study the possible renal oxidative damage of joint exposure to formaldehyde and trichloroethylene in mice. Methods] Totally 108 healthy Kunming inbred strain mice were randomly divided into nine groups, each with half male and half female： a control group （clean air）, two formaldehyde treatment groups （1 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3）, two trichloroethylene treatment groups （1 000 mg/m3, 5 000 mg/m3） and four joint treatment groups of formaldehyde and trichloroethylene （1 mg/m3＋1 000 mg/m3, 1 mg/m3＋5 000 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3＋1 000 mg/m3, 5 mg/m3＋5 000 mg/m3 respectively）. The mice were exposed to formaldehyde and/or trichloroethylene （except the controls） by static inhalation for 14 days, 2 hours per day, then neutralized on the 15th day. Total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC）, glutathione （GSH）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and malondialdehyde （MDA） in the renal samples of the mice were determined. Results] The contents of GSH and the activities of T-AOC and SOD were decreased, and the contents of MDA was increased along with the increasing of formaldehyde and/or trichloroethylene （P 〈 0.05）. There was interaction between formaldehyde and trichloroethylene exposures on T-AOC of female mice （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion]Inhaling formaldehyde or trichloroethylene can induce oxidative damage in renal of mice. The joint exposure to formaldehyde and trichloroethylene may exhibit antagonistic effect on oxidative damage in renal.