公共场所集中空调冷却水水质及其与嗜肺军团菌污染的关系

目的]分析集中空调冷却水水质及其与嗜肺军团菌污染间的相关性，为预防和控制军团菌病提供科学依据。方法]对深圳市南山区安装有集中空调的36家公共场所冷却水进行检测，检测指标有冷却水嗜肺军团菌微生物指标和水质理化指标。结果]集中空调冷却水水温较一般自来水高，中位数为30．0℃；细菌总数中位数为6．8CFU／mL，浊度中位数为3．5NTU，均超过生活饮用水卫生标准。多因素logistic回归分析显示，浊度、溶解性总固形物是冷却水嗜肺军团菌阳性率的影响因素，其比值比（OR及95％CI）分别为1．300（1．011—1．672）和1．102（1．016～1．196）。结论]冷却水浊度和溶解性总固形物可能是影响嗜肺军团菌生长繁殖的重要因素，加强冷却水水质管理对预防军团菌病有重要公共卫生学意义。

Quality of Cooling Water in Central Air Conditioning Systems in Public Places and Its Relationship with Legionella Pneumophila Contamination

Objective ] To evaluate the quality of cooling water in central air conditioning systems and its relationship with Legionella pneumophila contamination, and to provide scientific evidence for legionella disease prevention. Methods ] A total of 36 public places in Nanshan District equipped with central air conditioning systems were recruited. Cooling water samples were collected and tested for physical, chemical, and microbiological indicators. Results ] The water temperature of the cooling water was higher than average tap water, with a median of 30.0%. The median of plate bacteria count was 6.8 CFU/mL, the median of turbidity was 3.5 NTU, and both were beyond the recommended limits for drinking water. The OR values （95%CI） of turbidity and total dissolved solids to Legionella pneumophila contamination in cooling water were 1.300 （1.011-1.672） and 1.102 （1.016-1.196） respectively. Conclusion ] The turbidity and total dissolved solids of cooling water is a critical factor that may influence the growth and reproduction of Legionella pneumophila. Strengthening the management of cooling water is of great public health significance in preventing legionella disease.