医科大学生热能需要量探讨

为探讨我国八十年代医科大学生热能需要量,选择宁夏医学院三、四年级男女生为对象,采用一日活动记录法及膳食称重法计算其每日热能消耗量与热能摄入量。结果发现男生摄入量与消耗量基本平衡,介于我国成年男子中、轻体力劳动供能标准2,600～3,000千卡之间,符合我国营养学界公认看法。女生耗能略低于成年女子轻体力劳动供能标准2,400千卡,而摄入热能明显低于一日活动耗能。身高体重测量结果,女生体重均值属正常范围偏低。女生热能摄入不足的主要原因是主食摄入过少;分析一日活动内容,女生体育活动时间明显少于男生,这也是其热能消耗较低的重要原因,若每日能有30min以上体育活动,将有效地提高热能消耗与促进热能摄入,增进健康。

Evaluation of Energy Requirement of Medical Students

In order to find out the energy requirement of Chinese college students in the 1980's, we chose the third-year and forth-year students of Ningxia Medical College for study; applying survey methods of recording one-day activity and weighing of 3-day diet, their daily energy expenditure and caloric intake were then computed. For male students, their caloric intake balanced their energy expenditure on the whole, situated between the 2,600-3,000 kcal. criterion for Chinese adult male engaged in sedentary work, which accords with the general view of our scientists of nutrition. For girl students, their energy expenditure were slightly less than the 2,400 kcal. for sedentary work Chinese adult female,and their caloric intake obviously lower than their daily activity energy expenditure. Measurement of body height and weight showed that the girls' body weight averages were within the normal ranges yet near the lower borders.The evidently inadequate amount of staple food taken could chiefly account for the inadeguacy of caloric intake in girl students; on analyzing their daily activities comparing with male students, the hours devoted to athletic activities in girl students were clearly shorter, this also could be an important attributable factor for their low energy expenditure level, if they could take part in sports over half an hour each day, they would be expected to efficiently raise their energy expenditure, thus as a feedback promote their caloric intake and improve their health.