川栝楼瓤中次生代谢物组成及相对含量分析研究

目的:栝楼生产基地将栝楼瓤作为废弃物丢弃,既浪费药用植物资源,又污染当地环境。本文通过研究栝楼瓤次生代谢产物,以为综合利用栝楼资源及栝楼瓤的开发利用提供参考。方法:用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD)测定指标性成分3,29-二苯甲酰基栝楼仁三醇的含量,采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)测定次生代谢产物,得到的样品数据导入Waters Masslynx 4.1软件中编辑,然后用Simca-P软件(13.0版本)进行主成分分析,并找出不同部位间差异代谢物,并采用峰面积比确定其相对含量。结果:栝楼瓤中的主成分3,29-二苯甲酰基栝楼仁三醇平均质量分数最高为0.39%,栝楼全果的平均质量分数为0.30%,栝楼皮和栝楼仁的平均质量分数分别接近0.29%和0.28%,即栝楼瓤>栝楼>栝楼皮>栝楼仁;栝楼瓤中含有丰富的次生代谢产物,并初步鉴定了部分代谢产物。结论:栝楼瓤与皮和仁中的次生代谢物相似,峰容量较丰富,只是相对含量高低不同,特别明显的是在高极性部分,色谱峰较多,显示栝楼瓤具有较好的开发利用前景,特别是作为化妆品开发的首选。

Study on Composition and Relative Content of Secondary Metabolites in Flesh of Sichuan Trichosanthes kirilowii

Objective:The pulp of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim was discarded as waste in the production base,which not only wastes the plant resources for medicine,but also pollutes the local environment.In this paper,the secondary metabolites of the pulp of T.kirilowii were studied to provide reference for the comprehensive utilization of the resources and the development of the pulp of T.kirilowii.Methods:The content of 3,29-dibenzoylkarouultriol was determined by HPLC-DAD method.Secondary metabolites were determined by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS,and the raw data were imported into the Waters Masslynx 4.1 software for analysis.Then Simca-P software(version 13.0)was used for the principal component analysis(PCA)of secondary metabolites to discovery the distinct metabolites of different parts from T.kirilowii.Results:The average content of 3,29-dibenzoylkarouultriol in the fruit pulp of Sichuan T.kirilowii was 0.39%,the average content of the fruit was 0.30%,and the average content of the fruit peel and seed was 0.29%and 0.28%respectively,which is flesh>Fruit>Peel>Seed.Conclusion:The secondary metabolites of fruit pulp from T.kirilowii is similar in the Peel and Seed,but the relative content is different.It is particularly obvious that there are more chromatographic peaks in the highly polar part,which indicates that the fruit pulp of T.kirilowii has a good prospect of development and utilization,especially as the first choice for cosmetics development.