百度地图在中学生致肥胖食物环境研究中的应用

运用百度地图应用程序接口(Application Program Interface,API)探索学校周边食物环境与中学生肥胖率的关系,为青少年肥胖防治工作提供新思路.方法 依托广州市中小学卫生健康促进中心,测量广州市30所中学15 231名学生的身高和体重.基于百度地图API,检索学校周边快餐店和便利店数量及其与中学生肥胖率的关联.结果中学生的肥胖率为5.58%,其中男生为7.46%,女生为3.70%.30所中学步行路径距离1 000,1 200,1 500 m内的快餐店中位数(四分位数间距)分别为35.5(2078),54.5(28105),92(57161)个/所,便利店分别为29(1448),41(2363),69.5(4294)个/所.中学女生肥胖率与学校周边快餐店、便利店数量均呈正相关(快餐店距离由近到远,r值分别为0.372,0.434,P值均<0.05;便利店距离由近到远,r值分别为0.369,0.450,0.415,P值均<0.05);未发现中学男生肥胖率与学校周边快餐店、便利店数量有关联.结论 中学女生肥胖与学校周边快餐店、便利店数量存在关联,应用百度地图API能为中学生肥胖研究提供地理信息支持.

Application of Baidu map API for the study on obesogenic food environment among middle school students

Objective To explore the association between the food environment around school and the obesity rates among middle school students with Baidu map application program interface (API), and provide new ideas for the study on adolescent obesity.Methods Relying on Guangzhou Health Care Promotion Center for Primary and Middle Schools, 30 middle schools students' height and weight were measured.The number of fast food restaurants and convenience stores around the schools were searched by Baidu map API, to analyze their association with the rates of obesity among middle school students.Results Among the 15 231 students, the rate of obesity was 5.58%, 7.46% among boys and 3.70% among girls.The median numbers (IQR) of fast food restaurants within walking path distances of 1 000 m, 1 200 m and 1 500 m among 30 middle schools were 35.5 (20-78), 54.5 (28-105) and 92 (57-161), respectively; and 29 (14-48), 41 (23-63), 69.5 (42-94) for convenience stores.The rates of obesity among girls were positively correlated with the number of fast food restaurants and convenience stores around their schools (fast food restaurants: r = 0.372, 0.434, P<0.05; convenience stores: r = 0.369, 0.450, 0.415, P<0.05).There were no significant associations between the rates of obesity among boys and the number of fast food restaurants and convenience stores around their schools.Conclusions Obesity is associated with the number of fast food restaurants and convenience stores around school among female students in middle schools.Baidu map API can provide geographical information support for obesity research in middle school students.