某重点高中学生情绪症状影响因素随访研究

探讨某重点高中一年级学生心理复原力和完美主义个性特征及父母教养方式对情绪症状的影响,为预防高中学生的情绪症状提供依据.方法 在合肥市某重点高中一年级新生中进行情绪症状及心理复原力、完美主义及父母情感温暖评定,以无抑郁、焦虑或强迫症状的1 579名学生作为随访对象,在高二年级时进行随访调查,共有1 417名学生接受随访,再次对抑郁症状、焦虑症状和强迫症状进行评定.结果 在1 417名高一时无明显情绪症状的学生中,高二时有278名至少出现了1种情绪症状(抑郁、强迫或焦虑),检出率为19.6%,其中254(17.9%)名学生出现明显的抑郁症状,57(4.0%)名学生出现了明显的强迫症状,26(1.8%)名学生出现明显的焦虑症状.单因素分析显示,有情绪症状的学生心理复原力及父、母亲情感温暖得分(112.10±13.51,56.40±12.85,58.43±11.70)均低于无情绪症状的学生(115.87±13.29,58.78±13.01,60.34±11.85),而在消极完美主义维度,有情绪症状学生评分(59.78±10.19)高于无情绪症状大学生(55.97±9.77).Cox回归分析显示,心理复原力和父亲情感温暖评分的降低以及消极完美主义评分的升高,均可增加高中学生情绪症状发生的危险(OR值分别为0.987,0.985,1.033,P值均<0.05).结论 高一年级学生情绪症状的发生率较高.应发展强化学生心理复原力和削弱消极完美主义的策略和措施,改善高中学生的心理健康状况.

Follow-up survey on associated factors for depressive,anxiety and obsessive compulsive symptoms among students from a key high school

Objective To investigate the prevalence of depressive,anxiety and obsessive compulsive symptoms and to examine possible influence of psychological resilience,perfectionism and parental rearing style on these psychological symptoms among students from a key high school.Methods A total of 1 417 grade one high school students without depression,anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms at baseline which was evaluated by center for epidemiological survey depression scale,self-rating anxiety scale and yale-brown obsessive-compulsive scale,respectively.Psychological resilience,perfectionism and parental rearing style were assessed at baseline and after 12 month later.Results Incidence of at least one psychological symptom was 19.6%(278/1 417).Results from cox regression indicated that lower scores of resilience scale and paternal emotional warmth in Egna Minnen Barndoms Uppfostran and higher score of negative perfectionism were risk factors for psychological symptoms occurrence among high school students.Conclusion The incidence of depressive,anxiety or obsessive-compulsive symptoms is almost one-fifth among high school students,calling for strategies to strengthen students' psychological resilience and reduce their negative perfectionism.