重庆市某主城区中小学生青春发动时相与抑郁的关系

探讨重庆市某主城区中小学生青春发动时相与抑郁症状的关系,为提高青少年生活质量提供建议.方法 采用分层整群抽样方法,于2016年11-12月在重庆市某主城区共8所中小学校3 351名中小学生,采用青春发育量表(PDS)与同伴比较法评价青春发动时相,采用儿童抑郁量表(CDI)进行抑郁调查.结果 重庆市某主城区学生抑郁症状检出率为25.1%,不同年级、居住地、家庭经济情况、家庭关系、自我评价体型和学习成绩的学生抑郁症状检出率差异均有统计学意义(x2值分别为11.098,5.446,88.941,286.346,38.089,261.513,P值均<0.01).PDS评价与同伴比较法评价青春发动时相不同分组抑郁症状检出率差异均有统计学意义(x2值分别为20.027,47.019,P值均<0.01).控制年级、居住地、家庭经济等协变量,PDS评价青春发动时相,男生提前组抑郁症状检出率是适时组的1.406(95%CI=1.039~1.902)倍,女生延迟组更不容易检出抑郁(OR=0.632,95% CI=0.433~ 0.924);同伴比较法评价青春发动时相,男生提前组和延迟组抑郁症状检出率分别是适时组的1.733(95%CI=1.289~ 2.330)和1.464(95%CI=1.112~1.929)倍,女生提前组和延迟组抑郁症状检出率分别是适时组的1.518(95%CI=1.122~2.134)和1.403 (95% CI=1.033~1.905)倍.结论 重庆市某主城区中小学抑郁症状检出率较高,青春发动时相提前或延迟与抑郁症状检出有关.

Pubertal timing and depressive symptom among primary and junior middle school students in urban Chongqing

Objective To explore relationship between pubertal timing and depressive symptoms among primary and junior middle school students in urban Chongqing.Methods Totally,3 351 students from 8 schools including four primary schools and four junior schools were selected via stratified cluster sampling in urban Chongqing.Pubertal Development Scale (PDS) and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) were used to assess pubertal timing and depressive symptoms,respectively.Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 25.1%,signicant differences were found in grade (x2=11.098,P =0.001),place of residence (x2 =5.446,P=0.020),economic status (x2 =88.941,P<0.01),family relationship (x2 =286.346,P<0.01),body perception (x2 =38.089,P<0.01) and academic performance (x2 =261.513,P<0.01).After controlling for grade,economic status,family relationship and other covariates,early pubertal timing were correlated with more depressive symptoms among boys (OR =1.406,95% CI:1.039,1.902),while late pubertal timing among girls related with less depressive symptoms (OR=0.632,95%CI:0.433,0.924).Boys and girls with early or late pubertal timing showed higher depressive symptoms than normal pubertal timing peers.Conclusion Depressive symptom among primary and junior middle school students is relative high in urban Chongqing,early or delayed pubertal timing both closely relates with depressive symptoms.