初中生健康素养与不良饮食行为的关联性

分析初中生健康素养与不良饮食行为之间的相关性,为改善青少年饮食行为、增强青少年体质提供科学依据.方法 采用多阶段整群抽样方法,抽取北京市、广东省、吉林省16所中学2 565名初中生进行健康素养及不良饮食行为(挑食/偏食行为、食用西式快餐行为)调查.结果 北京市、广东省、吉林省初中生健康素养总平均得分为(72.45±8.99)分,具备基本健康素养的比例分别为19.5%,10.0%,26.2%;挑食/偏食行为和过去7 d食用西式快餐行为的发生率分别为34.1%和42.9%;二分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,基本健康素养不足和不具备基本健康素养会增加初中生发生挑食/偏食行为(OR=2.022,95%CI=1.5982.559;OR=3.614,95%CI=2.4725.080)及食用西式快餐行为(OR=1.494,95%CI=1.2051.853;OR=3.614,95%CI=2.4725.080)的风险.结论 具备基本健康素养能够降低初中生不良饮食行为的发生率.学校、家长可通过全面提升学生健康素养的方式来改善饮食行为,从而达到增强学生体质的目的.

Association between health literacy and unhealthy diet behaviors among junior high school students in three areas

Objective To analyze the relationship between health literacy and unhealthy diet behaviors among junior high school students, and to provide scientific evidence for strategies development of adolescent healthy diet behaviors and physique.Methods A total of 2 565 students from 16 junior high schools selected from Beijing, Guangdong and Jilin Province by multi-stage cluster sampling method were investigated for their health literacy and diet behavior (choosy in food/dietary bias, eating westernstyle fast food).Results The average score of middle schools students' health literacy in Beijing, Guangdong, Jilin Province was (72.45±8.99), and the proportion of having basic health literacy among junior high students was 19.5%, 10.0%, 26.2% in Beijing, Guangdong, Jilin Province.Incidence of preference for food was 34.1%, eating western fast food was 42.9%.Binary Logistic analysis showed that lack of health literacy and inadequate health literacy would increase the risk of preference for food (OR = 2.022, 95%CI = 1.598-2.559; OR = 3.614, 95% CI = 2.472-5.080) and eating western fast food (OR = 1.494, 95% CI = 1.205-1.853; OR =3.614, 95%CI = 2.472-5.080).Conclusion The possess of health literacy may decrease the incidence of preference for food and eating western fast food, the improvement of health literacy should be emphasized in the design of adolescent diet behaviors improvement.