宁夏儿童青少年不同肥胖类型与血压水平的关联

探讨宁夏儿童青少年不同肥胖类型与血压水平的关系,为儿童青少年高血压的预防与干预提供依据.方法 利用2014年全国青少年体质与健康调研宁夏地区资料,根据相关筛选标准,选取11 260名儿童青少年作为研究对象,分析不同肥胖类型与血压水平的关系.结果 宁夏儿童青少年肥胖总检出率为5.2%,单纯腹型肥胖、外周型肥胖、混合型肥胖检出率分别为9.5%,0.5%,4.7%,高血压总检出率为13.8%.总人群BMI、腰围与SBP和DBP均呈正相关(r值分别为0.509,0.515;0.372,0.384,P值均<0.01),SBP和DBP在不同肥胖类型间的增高趋势为混合型肥胖>单纯腹型肥胖>外周型肥胖>正常体型(P值均<0.05).正常体型、单纯腹型肥胖、外周型肥胖、混合型肥胖高血压检出率依次为11.1%,24.2%,14.0%,41.9%.相对于正常体型学生,混合型肥胖者血压偏高的危险性最大,单纯腹型肥胖次之,外周型肥胖最低[OR值分别为5.8(4.8~7.0),4.4(2.1~9.5),2.3(1.8~2.8)].结论 肥胖是引起儿童青少年血压升高的一个危险因素,混合型肥胖与血压升高的关系更为密切.预防儿童高血压应从预防肥胖做起.

Association between different types of obesity and blood pressure among children and adolescents in Ningxia

Objective To analyze the association between different types of obesity and blood pressure among children and adolescents in Ningxia,and provide a reference for the prevention and control of high blood pressure among children and adolescents.Methods Data of 2014 National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health of Ningxia was used to analyze the association between different types of obesity and blood pressure.A total of 11 260 children and adolescents were included into the analysis according to the screening criteria.Results The total detection rate of obesity among children and adolescents in Ningxia was 5.2%.The detection rate of different types of obesity was 9.5%,0.5% and 4.7%,respectively.And the total detection rate of hypertension was 13.8%.The partial correlation results suggested that BMI,waist circumference were positively correlated with SBP and DBP(r=0.509,0.515,0.372,0.384,P<0.01),and the change trend of SBP and DBP in different obesity types was as follows:combined obesity>abdominal obesity>general obesity>normal weight.The detection rates of hypertension in different types of obesity were 11.1%,24.2%,14.0%,41.9%,respectively.When compared with normal weight children,combined obesity had the highest risk of elevated blood pressure,followed by abdominal obesity,the odds ratios were 5.8(4.8-7.0),4.4(2.1-9.5),2.3(1.8-2.8),respectively.Conclusion Obesity is one of the risk factors for elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents;combined obesity was more associated with high blood pressure.And the prevention of obesity should give the priority to the prevention of high blood pressure among children.