宁夏银川市中小学生理想心血管健康现状

了解宁夏银川市中小学生理想心血管健康现状,为制定儿童青少年及成年心血管疾病的防治策略提供依据.方法 2015年抽取宁夏银川市6~18岁学龄儿童青少年1 990名进行问卷调查,并进行人体测量及实验室检测.结果 学龄儿童青少年处于理想心血管疾病状态所占比例最高的为总胆固醇(94.4%),最低的是饮食健康评分(32.1%).女生体育锻炼理想健康状态比例(41.8%)低于男生(52.5%),而吸烟、体质量指数(BMI)、血压、空腹血糖理想健康状态比例(91.10%,81.30%,67.60%,90.80%)均高于男生(81.30%,70.60%,60.90%,85.30%)(x2值分别为91.23,34.63,10.11,13.92,P值均<0.01).6~11岁年龄组吸烟及空腹血糖理想健康状态比例(96.4%,93.6%)均高于12~ 18岁组(88.0%,84.5%),而BMI、血压、健康饮食评分理想健康状态比例((71.6%,62.4%,21.8%)均低于12~ 18岁组(77.2%,65.8%,35.8%),且差异均有统计学意义(x2值分别为14.81,8.97,15.42,P值均<0.01).理想心血管健康评分为7分的儿童青少年仅占7.6%,男生理想心血管健康评分比例(27.3%)低于女生(35.4%)(x2=23.818,P<0.05).结论 银川市中小学生理想心血管健康水平相对较低.应采取针对性的措施进行干预和促进,以提高学龄儿童青少年的理想心血管健康水平.

Survey on ideal cardiovascular health among children and adolescents in Yinchuan,Ningxia

Objective To examine the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular disease among children and adolescents in Yinchuan,Ningxia,and to provide the referece for making strategies to prevent and control the cardiovascular disease.Methods A total of 1 990 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years selected from Yinchuan of Ningxia were offered a cross-sectional survey in 2015.All subjects completed the questionnaire,anthropometry and laboratory examination.Results The prevalence of ideal total cholesterol status was the highest (94.4%) and ideal healthy diet status was the lowest (32.1%) among the population.Girls had lower proportion of ideal physical active status(41.8%) than boys'(52.5%),but higher proportion of ideal smoking,BMI,blood pressure and fasting glucose status(91.10%%,81.30%%,67.60%%,90.80%) when compared with boys(81.30%,70.60%,60.90%,85.30%) (x2 =91.23,34.63,10.11,13.92,P<0.01).Children aged 6-11 years showed significantly higher prevalence of ideal smoking and fasting glucose status(96.4%,88.0%),while lower proportion of ideal BMI,blood pressure and healthy diet status as compared with children aged 12-18 years,respectively(71.6%,62.4%,21.8% vs 77.2%,65.8%,35.8%).The subjects with seven ideal CVH among children and adolescent were only 7.6%.Boys had significantly lower score of ideal CVH when compared with girls (27.3% vs 35.4%;x2 =23.818,P<0.05).Conclusion A lower prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health was observed among children and adolescents in Yinchuan,Ningxia.Effective intervention programs need to be taken to promote cardiovascular health especially for children and adolescents in Yinchuan.