医务人员HIV/AIDS防护知识与职业暴露的相关性分析

目的：了解医务人员HIV/AIDS防护知识与职业暴露的现况及其相关性。方法：对开封市3所医院的在岗医务人员进行回顾性问卷调查。结果：①被调查的287名医务人员中,AIDS基本知识的正确回答率较高,但“标准预防的概念”和“HIV职业暴露后报告程序”正确回答率较低。88.3%的人有防护意识,一半的医务人员“非常重视”HIV/AIDS自我防护。②177人2年内有职业暴露的经历,暴露总次数为492次,每人每年平均暴露1.39次。暴露发生最多的为护士（63.2%）,主要方式为针刺切割伤（40.3%）和经损伤后的皮肤接触（33.7%）暴露。③医务人员HIV/AIDS防护知识中“防护意识”、“自我防护态度”与发生职业暴露之间均存在关联性（P〈0.001）。结论：医务人员HIV/AIDS职业暴露的危险性较大,应提高医务人员的防护意识,以减少职业暴露的发生。

Study on the relationship between knowledge of self-protection and HIV/AIDS occupational exposure among health care professionals

Objective:To acknowlege the current situation and the correlation between health care professions' knowledge of self-protection and status of HIV/AIDS occupational exposure. Methods:To investigate the health care professions from 3 hospitals in Kai-feng by retrospective questionnaires. Results:The correct rate of basic knowledge about AIDS is high while as to the "concept of prevention standards"and "reporting procedures after occupational exposure of HIV" is quite low,according to the 287 health care professions invesgated.88.3% of them have protection consciousness,and half of them attaches great importance to selfprotection of HIV/AIDS.In it,177 people have the experience of occupational exposure in 2years,amoumt to 492 times in all,and the average of occupational exposure per year for one person is 1.39 times.The exposure which emerges the most are nurses(63.2%),the main forms are acupuncture cutting injury(40.3%)andby skin contact after injury(33.7%).There remains correlation between health care professions' knowledge of protection consciousness as well as self-protective attitude and occupational exposure(P<0.001). Conclusion:HIV/AIDS occupational exposure of the health care professions is more likely to occur,thus we should improve the protection consciousness of them,in order to reduce the possibility of occupational exposure.