秦皇岛市7～12岁学龄儿童高血压现状及危险因素分析

目的探讨秦皇岛市7～12岁学龄儿童高血压流行现状及其危险因素。方法通过分层整群随机抽样,抽取秦皇岛市5所小学7～12岁儿童1507人进行问卷调查及身高、体质量、血压等指标测量。结果共检出正常高值血压和高血压儿童182例(12.1%),高血压检出率6.1%,男童6.7%,女童5.5%。高血压检出率均随年龄增长而增加(P<0.01)。超重组和肥胖组收缩压和舒张压水平均明显高于体质量指数(BMI)正常组,正常BMI儿童高血压检出率为2.6%,超重儿童高血压检出率5.0%,肥胖儿童高血压检出率16.0%。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄和肥胖是儿童高血压的独立危险因素(OR1.684,95%CI1.435～1.976;OR7.731,95%CI4.647～12.860,均P<0.01)。结论秦皇岛市儿童高血压检出率6.1%,年龄和肥胖是儿童高血压的独立危险因素。

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in children aged 7-12 years old of Qinhuangdao city

Objective To study the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among school children aged 7-12 years old in Qinhuangdao city. Methods A total of 1507 children aged from 7 to 12 years old in 5 elementary schools of Qinhuangdao city were investigated with unified questionnaire, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body height, weight and other parameters by stratified cluster random sampling method. Results The overall caese of high-normal blood pressure and hypertension were 182 (12.1%). The prevalence rate of hypertension was 6.1% (6.7% for boys and 5.5% for girls). The detection rate of hypertension increased with age (P<0.01). SBP and DBP of overweight and obese group were significantly higher than in normal body mass index (BMI), overweight children and obese children was 2.6%, 5.0% and 16.0% respectively. By Logistic regression analysis, age and obesity were independent risk factors in children with hypertension(OR 1.684, 95% CI 1.435-1.976; OR 7.731, 95% CI 4.647-12.860, P<0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension of children in Qinhuangdao city is 6.1%. Significant independent risk factors in children with hypertension were age and obesity.