鲍曼不动杆菌的分布及对抗菌药物的耐药性

 

目的 研究鲍曼不动杆菌的分布及对抗生素的耐药性,为临床合理选择抗菌药物提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2014-03至2014-12我院临床送检各类标本中分离的鲍曼不动杆菌的分布及对抗菌药物的耐药性,用全自动微生物分析仪和其配套的药敏卡对菌株进行鉴定,采用K-B法进行药敏试验。 结果 从6462份临床送检标本中共培养分离出120株鲍曼不动杆菌,分离率为1.86%,其中从呼吸道标本分离出68株,构成比为56.67%,来自泌尿道、血液,以及伤口分泌物中的构成比分别为20.00%、15.00%和8.33%。鲍曼不动杆菌对临床常用的抗菌药物的耐药率均大于70%,对头孢唑啉和氨苄西林的耐药率为100%,而对替加环素的耐药率最低为5.0%。与其他抗菌药物相比,鲍曼不动杆菌对替加环素的敏感性最高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 鲍曼不动杆菌对多数抗菌药物产生较高的耐药性,应加强其耐药性监测,规范抗菌药物的合理使用,防止耐药菌的爆发与流行。

Clinical distribution of acinetobacter baumannii and sensitivity to antimicrobial agents

Objective To study the clinical distribution of acinetobacter baumannii and its sensitivity to antimicrobial agents so as to guide clinical treatment. Methods The distribution of acinetobacter baumannii isolated between March 2014 and December 2014 and its resistance to eight antimicrobial drugs were retrospectively analyzed. The strains were identified with an automatic microbial analyzer and the K-B method was used to test the sensitivity of drugs. Results 120 strains of acinetobacter baumannii were isolated from 6462 clinical samples, and the isolation rate was 1.86%. 68 of these strains were isolated from respiratory specimens, accounting for 56.67% of the total. The percentage of strains isolated from the urinary tract, blood, and wounds was 20.00%, 15.00% and 8.33%, respectively. The resistance rate of acinetobacter baumannii to most of the commonly-used antimicrobials was above 70%, and the resistance rate to cefazolin and ampicillin was 100%, while tigecycline had the lowest resistant rate of 5.0%. Acinetobacter baumannii was more sensitive to tigecycline than other antibacterial drugs.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Acinetobacter baumannii was highly resistant to many antimicrobial drugs so that surveillance of drug resistance should be strengthened while the rational use of antimicrobial agents should be regulated in order to prevent the outbreak and prevalence of resistant bacteria.