2017-2021年中国肠道病毒71型灭活疫苗接种现状分析题录

目的了解2017-2021年中国肠道病毒71型(EV71)灭活疫苗接种现状, 为制定手足口病防控和免疫策略提供参考。方法利用中国免疫规划信息管理系统收集的EV71灭活疫苗报告接种剂次数和出生人口数据估算2012年以来各出生队列截至2021年底的全国、分省和分地市EV71灭活疫苗累计接种率, 并分析与接种率水平相关的潜在影响因素。结果截至2021年, 全国2012年以来出生队列EV71灭活疫苗估算累计接种率为24.96%, 各省份估算接种率为3.09%～56.59%, 各地市估算接种率为0～88.17%。不同地区疫苗接种率与该地区既往手足口病报告发病水平和人均可支配收入的相关性均有统计学意义。结论 2017年以来EV71灭活疫苗在全国范围内应用广泛, 但地区间疫苗接种覆盖情况差异较大, 经济相对发达地区接种率较高, 既往疾病流行强度可能对疫苗的接受度和接种服务模式产生一定影响。EV71灭活疫苗接种对手足口病流行的影响还需进一步研究。

Analysis of the vaccination status of enterovirus type 71 inactivated vaccine in China from 2017 to 2021

Objective To understand the vaccination status of enterovirus type 71 (EV71) inactivated vaccines in China from 2017 to 2021 and provide evidence for making policy on immunization strategy against hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Methods Using the reported dose number of EV71 vaccination and birth cohort population data collected by the China immunizaiton program information system to estimate the cumulative coverage of EV71 vaccine by the end of 2021 among the birth cohorts since 2012 at national, provincial, and prefecture levels, and analyze the correlation between the vaccination coverage and the potential influencing factors. Results As of 2021, the estimated cumulative vaccination coverage of the EV71 vaccine was 24.96% in birth cohorts since 2012. The cumulative vaccination coverage was between 3.09% and 56.59% in different provinces, between 0 and 88.17% in different prefectures. There was a statistically significant correlation between vaccination coverage in different regions and the region''s previous HFMD prevalence and disposable income per capita. Conclusions Since 2017, the EV71 vaccines have been widely used nationwide, but the coverage of EV71 vaccination varies greatly among regions. Vaccination coverage is higher in relatively developed regions, and the intensity of previous epidemic of HFMD may have a certain impact on the acceptance of the vaccine and the pattern of immunization service. The impact of EV71 vaccination on the epidemic of HFMD requires further studies.