Time spent in target range assessed by self-monitoring blood glucose associates with glycated hemoglobin in insulin treated patients with diabetes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Magna Græcia, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy;2. Department of Health Science, University Magna Græcia, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy;3. Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Mater Domini, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy;4. C.C.P. Policlinico Madonna della Consolazione, Via Cardinale Portanova, 89100, Reggio Calabria, Italy;5. Roche Diabetes Care GmbH, Millenium Tower Handelskai, 1200, Vienna, Austria;1. Hangzhou Aeronautical Sanatorium of Chinese Air Force, Hangzhou, China;2. Department of Rheumatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China;3. Department of Endocrinology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 XianXia Road, Shanghai, China;4. Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China;5. Department of Endocriology, Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai, China;6. Department of Traffic Management Engineering, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, China;1. LIFE – Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Germany;2. University Leipzig, Germany;3. Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Detmold, Germany;4. Klinikum Lippe, Detmold, Germany;5. Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Germany;6. Heart Center University Leipzig, Germany;7. Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Germany;8. Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Leipzig, Germany;1. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA;2. The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA;3. Monitoring Analytics and Therapeutic Care, Clinical Science Innovations, Philips Healthcare, Cambridge, MA, USA;4. Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA;5. Pediatrics and Chemistry at the Dell Medical School of the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA;6. Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA;1. Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia;2. Twins Research Australia, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia;3. Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia;4. Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Australia;5. Murdoch Children''s Research Institute, Parkville, Australia;6. Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia;1. University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy;2. University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Department of Precision Medicine, Via de Crecchio, 7, 80138, Naples, Italy;3. “Villa Dei Fiori” Hospital, Corso Italia, 157, 80011, Acerra (Naples), Italy;4. IRCCS Fondazione G. B. Bietti, Via Livenza, 3, 00198, Rome, Italy;5. University of Molise, Department of Medicine & Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, Via Francesco De Sanctis, 1, 86100, Campobasso, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Background and aimsSelf-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) remains a widespread tool to monitor blood glucose. The development of diabetes management systems (DMS) allows SMBG to provide additional information as time spent in target range (TIR). This study evaluates the association between HbA1c and TIR, evaluated through DMS, over 2 months, and 2 weeks.Methods and resultsType 1 (T1D) and Type 2 (T2D) insulin-treated patients with diabetes were enrolled. We used the term PIR (Points in Range) instead of TIR, since SMBG provides point-in-time glucose values rather than a continuous trend over time. PIR was calculated in 2-month and 2-week time ranges before available HbA1c measurement.One-hundred ninety-seven patients with T1D and 36 with T2D were recruited. HbA1c and PIR were inversely associated (2 months: R -0.72, 2 weeks R -0.70; p < 0.0001) in all subjects. The relationship did not change when T1D and T2D patients were analyzed separately. For every 10% change of PIR, there was a change of HbA1c by 0.4%.ConclusionsOur study, for the first time, demonstrates a significant correlation between HbA1c and PIR calculated by DMS. DMS offers additional information useful in disease management of patients with T1D and T2D performing SMBG. |
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| Keywords: | Self-monitoring of blood glucose HbA1c Time in range Diabetes mellitus Diabetes management system |
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