正常妊娠胎盘滋养细胞表面Fas配体表达的研究

目的通过对正常妊娠绒毛滋养细胞表面Fas配体表达的研究，进一步探讨母-胎免疫耐受机理。方法分别选取正常妊娠早、中、晚期绒毛组织，用免疫组织化学(免疫组化)的方法确定其Fas配体的表达，并通过HPIS-1000高清晰彩色病理图像免疫组化测量系统对其表达进行定量分析。结果正常妊娠各期绒毛滋养细胞表面均有Fas配体的表达；且不同孕周之间其表达量比较,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。妊娠早、中、晚期绒毛滋养细胞表面Fas配体染色平均面积分别为(91.410±8.328)μm2、(101.322±11.480)μm2、(97.461±10.517)μm2；平均光度分别为0.227±0.0325、0.261±0.021、0.145±0.015；积分光度分别为21.391±4.636，25.993±6.231，18.588±3.897。结论绒毛滋养细胞表面Fas配体的表达在维持妊娠及胎儿正常发育中起着重要作用。母胎界面的Fas配体介导的特异性Fas(+)T淋巴细胞凋亡，可能是母-胎免疫耐受的重要机理之一。

Study on the expression of Fas ligand on the surfaces of human cytotrophoblasts in normal pregnancy

OBJECTIVE: To further study the mechanism of maternal-fetal immune tolerance. METHODS: Chorioplacental tissues were obtained from different gestation stages of normal pregnancy. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the expression of Fas Ligand (FasL) on the surfaces of human cytotrophoblasts. Highly precise color-image measure system for immuno-histochemistry was used for quantitative analysis. RESULTS: FasL were expressed on the surfaces of placental cytotrophoblasts throughout normal pregnancy. FasL staining areas on cytotrophoblasts of the first trimester, second trimester and term were (91.410 +/- 8.328) micron 2, (101.322 +/- 11.480) micron 2 and (97.461 +/- 10.517) micron 2 respectively; Average brightness FasL staining were 0.227 +/- 0.0325, 0.261 +/- 0.021, 0.145 +/- 0.015; and integral brightness were 21.391 +/- 4.636, 25.993 +/- 6.231, 18.588 +/- 3.897 respectively. The differences among the first, second and term pregnancy stages were significant. CONCLUSIONS: Like many immune-privileged sites, the maternal specific fas+ T cell apoptosis induced by FasL on the maternal-fetal interface might be one of the significant mechanisms of maternal-fetal immune tolerance. The expression of FasL on the surfaces of placental cytotrophoblasts plays an important role both in the maintenance of pregnancy and in the normal development of fetus.