食管静脉曲张出血急诊内镜套扎止血84例护理分析

目的探讨急诊内镜下行食管静脉曲张套扎术（EVL）的护理配合与经验。方法使用套扎器对84例食管静脉曲张出血患者的曲张静脉进行套扎治疗。结果84例患者食管曲张静脉均成功套扎，止血成功率达100％，其中3例术后2周内复查胃镜仍有局部食管静脉曲张伴红色征，再行EVL治疗。所有病例患者术后1-3d内均有不同程度的胸骨后疼痛、吞咽困难或异物感、低热等并发症。结论食管静脉曲张套扎术止血可靠、短期再出血率低，设备简单，可重复性强，是肝硬化食管静脉曲张出血的有效止血方法。急诊内镜下套扎每个环节的护理配合均十分重要。

Nursing analysis of 84 cases of emergency endoscopic ligation hemostasis in esophageal varices bleeding

Objective To explore the nursing cooperation and experience of emergency en- doscopic esophageal variceal ligation （EVL）. Methods The variceal veins of 84 patients with emphageal varices bleeding were ligated with the ligator. Results All the 84 patients underwent emphageal variceal ligation successfully, and the success rate of hemostasis was 100 %. In addition, three patients still had local esophageal varices with red sign under the gastroscopy within two weeks after the operation, and they would take EVL treatment once again. All the patients had the com- plications such as retrosternal pain, dysphagia, foreign body sensation and low fever with various degrees in 1 to 3 days after operation. Conclusion The esophageal variceal ligation has the advan- tages of reliable hemostasis, low rehaemorrhagia rate in a short term, simple equipment and strong repeatability, so it is an effective hemostasis method for cirrhosis esophageal varices bleeding. The nursing cooperation in each step of emergency endoscopic ligation is equally important.