96例小儿肺炎支原体感染情况及耐药性分析

目的 分析呼吸道感染患儿肺炎支原体(MP)感染和耐药情况,指导临床合理用药.方法 用MP快速鉴定培养基对本院2010年11月至2011年10月收治的429例呼吸道感染的患儿的咽拭子进行MP培养及药敏试验.结果 429例呼吸道感染患儿咽拭子标本中,MP培养阳性96例,总阳性率22.4％；其中男性阳性率21.3％,女性阳性率23.6％,男、女比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).一年中,春季发病率最高(29.2％),夏季发病率最低(15.7％),夏季与春季比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),夏季分别与秋、冬季比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).药敏试验:对红霉素的耐药性最高45.8％,对罗红霉索的耐药率(44.8％)次之,对左氧氟沙星和司帕沙星的耐药率最低(均为19.8％).结论 肺炎支原体是小儿呼吸道感染的重要病原体,一年四季均可发病,对大环内酯类抗生素耐药性较高,应根据药敏试验结果指导临床合理用药,使患者得到及时有效的治疗.

Mycoplasma pneumonia infection in 96 pediatric patients and its drug resistance

objective To provide some guidance for rational drug usage in clinical medicine analyzing mycoplasma pneumonia（MP） infection in pediatric patients with respiratory tract infection and its drug resistance. Methods Collected the throat swabs in 429 pediatric patients with respiratory tract infection who were hospitalized into our hospital from November, 2010 to October, 2011 for MP culture and MP＇s drug sensitivity test by rapid MP identification medium. Results Among the 429 cases, 96 were infected by MP; the total positive-rate was 22.4%, and it was 21.3% in male, 23.6% in female. Among the 4 seasons in one year, spring had the highest incidence of MP infection in children, 29.2%, while summer had the lowest, 15.7%; there was a statistical difference between spring＇s and summer＇s（ P 〈 0.05 ）; however, summer＇s didn＇t differed statistically from autumn＇s and winter＇s （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Drug resistance to erythromycin was 45.8%, to roxithromycin 44.8%, and to levofloxaein and sparfloxacin 19.8%. Conclusions Myco- plasma pneumonia is an important pathogen of respiratory infection in children. One can get MP infection all over the year. MP has high resistance to macrolides. MP infection should be treated basing on its drug sensitivity test, so patients can receive timely and effective treatment.