Inflammatory mediators and growth factors in obstructive renal injury |
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Authors: | Misseri Rosalia Rink Richard C Meldrum Daniel R Meldrum Kirstan K |
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Institution: | Department of Urology and Department of Surgery, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA. |
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Abstract: | Obstruction of the upper urinary tract poses a significant clinical challenge to the urologist, and the cascade of renal cellular and molecular events triggered by upper urinary tract obstruction result in a progressive, and eventually permanent, loss in renal function. These pathological changes include the development of renal fibrosis, tubular atrophy, interstitial inflammation, and apoptotic renal cell death. A myriad of cytokines and growth factors have been identified as major contributors to obstruction-induced renal fibrosis and apoptotic cell death, including transforming growth factor-beta1, angiotensin II, nuclear factor-kappaB, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. This review examines the role of these mediators in obstruction-induced renal injury. |
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Keywords: | kidney apoptosis tubulointerstitial fibrosis |
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